Molina Michael, Plaza Victoria, Fuentes Luis J, Estévez Angeles F
Departamento de Psicología, Universidad de Almería , Almería, Spain.
Facultad de Ciencias Sociales y Humanidades, Universidad Autónoma de Chile , Talca, Chile.
Front Psychol. 2015 Nov 20;6:1780. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2015.01780. eCollection 2015.
Memory for medical recommendations is a prerequisite for good adherence to treatment, and therefore to ameliorate the negative effects of the disease, a problem that mainly affects people with memory deficits. We conducted a simulated study to test the utility of a procedure (the differential outcomes procedure, DOP) that may improve adherence to treatment by increasing the patient's learning and retention of medical recommendations regarding medication. The DOP requires the structure of a conditional discriminative learning task in which correct choice responses to specific stimulus-stimulus associations are reinforced with a particular reinforcer or outcome. In two experiments, participants had to learn and retain in their memory the pills that were associated with particular disorders. To assess whether the DOP improved long-term retention of the learned disorder/pill associations, participants were asked to perform two recognition memory tests, 1 h and 1 week after completing the learning phase. The results showed that compared with the standard non-differential outcomes procedure, the DOP produced better learning and long-term retention of the previously learned associations. These findings suggest that the DOP can be used as a useful complementary technique in intervention programs targeted at increasing adherence to clinical recommendations.
对医学建议的记忆是良好坚持治疗的前提条件，因此，为了减轻疾病的负面影响（这一问题主要影响有记忆缺陷的人群），我们进行了一项模拟研究，以测试一种程序（差异结果程序，DOP）的效用，该程序可能通过增强患者对药物治疗建议的学习和记忆来提高治疗依从性。DOP要求构建一个条件性辨别学习任务，其中对特定刺激 - 刺激关联的正确选择反应会通过特定的强化物或结果得到强化。在两项实验中，参与者必须学习并记住与特定疾病相关的药丸。为了评估DOP是否改善了对所学疾病/药丸关联的长期记忆，参与者在完成学习阶段后的1小时和1周被要求进行两次识别记忆测试。结果表明，与标准的非差异结果程序相比，DOP在先前学习的关联方面产生了更好的学习效果和长期记忆。这些发现表明，DOP可作为一种有用的补充技术，用于旨在提高对临床建议依从性的干预项目中。
