Salvi Carola, Bowden Edward M
Department of Psychology, Northwestern UniversityEvanston, IL, USA; Rehabilitation Institute of ChicagoChicago, IL, USA.
Department of Psychology, University of Wisconsin-Parkside, Kenosha, WI USA.
Front Psychol. 2016 Feb 15;7:161. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2016.00161. eCollection 2016.
Recent work using the eye movement monitoring technique has demonstrated that when people are engaged in thought they tend to disengage from the external world by blinking or fixating on an empty portion of the visual field, such as a blank wall, or out the window at the sky. This 'looking at nothing' behavior has been observed during thinking that does not explicitly involve visual imagery (mind wandering, insight in problem solving, memory encoding and search) and it is associated with reduced analysis of the external visual environment. Thus, it appears to indicate (and likely facilitate) a shift of attention from external to internal stimuli that benefits creativity and problem solving by reducing the cognitive load and enhancing attention to internally evolving activation. We briefly mention some possible reasons to collect eye movement data in future studies of creativity.
最近使用眼动监测技术的研究表明，当人们进行思考时，他们往往会通过眨眼或注视视野中的空白部分（如空白墙壁或窗外天空）来脱离外部世界。这种“看向虚无”的行为在不明确涉及视觉意象的思考过程中（如走神、解决问题时的顿悟、记忆编码和搜索）被观察到，并且与对外部视觉环境的分析减少有关。因此，它似乎表明（并且可能促进）注意力从外部刺激向内部刺激的转移，这种转移通过减轻认知负荷和增强对内部不断演变的激活的关注，有利于创造力和问题解决。我们简要提及在未来创造力研究中收集眼动数据的一些可能原因。
