Gillman M A, Lichtigfeld F J
South African Brain Research Institute, Johannesburg.
Int J Neurosci. 1989 Nov;49(1-2):75-81. doi: 10.3109/00207458909087041.
We highlight the distinction between analgesic and anesthetic concentrations of nitrous oxide, with special reference to the safety of analgesic nitrous oxide. We present evidence that the gas at analgesic concentrations is an opioid agonist. Its extremely low abuse potential, despite its opioid properties, is discussed with regard to its evanescent action and possible partial agonistic effects, making it the least addictive of all mind-altering addictive substances. The activities of analgesic nitrous oxide make it an almost ideal agent with which to investigate the functions of the opioid system in man. We also discuss its use as a diagnostic and therapeutic agent in neuropsychiatry.
我们强调了一氧化二氮镇痛浓度与麻醉浓度之间的区别，特别提及了镇痛用一氧化二氮的安全性。我们提供证据表明，处于镇痛浓度的该气体是一种阿片类激动剂。尽管它具有阿片类特性，但其极低的滥用可能性，结合其短暂作用和可能的部分激动效应进行了讨论，这使其成为所有能改变意识的成瘾物质中成瘾性最低的。镇痛用一氧化二氮的特性使其几乎成为研究人体阿片系统功能的理想试剂。我们还讨论了其在神经精神病学中作为诊断和治疗药物的用途。
