Gillman M A
Life Sci. 1986 Oct 6;39(14):1209-21. doi: 10.1016/0024-3205(86)90181-5.
The concept that anesthesia and analgesia are distinct states and therefore are possibly mediated by different mechanisms is stressed. Analgesic nitrous oxide is shown to act at specific rather than non specific central nervous system sites, as well as having a large number of actions similar to morphine the classical opioid. This includes the fact that specific opioid antagonists attenuate the effects of both morphine and analgesic nitrous oxide. Evidence is also provided showing that nitrous oxide may be a partial agonist and that it may interact with the endogenous opioid system by the release of endogenous opioids, and/or by direct action at the mu, delta, sigma and kappa receptors.
强调了麻醉和镇痛是不同状态，因此可能由不同机制介导的概念。镇痛性一氧化二氮被证明作用于特定而非非特异性的中枢神经系统部位，并且具有许多与经典阿片类药物吗啡相似的作用。这包括特定的阿片类拮抗剂可减弱吗啡和镇痛性一氧化二氮的作用这一事实。还提供了证据表明一氧化二氮可能是一种部分激动剂，并且它可能通过释放内源性阿片类物质和/或通过直接作用于μ、δ、σ和κ受体与内源性阿片系统相互作用。
