Zhang Hong, Kumar Abhishek, Kothari Mohit, Luo Xiaoping, Trulsson Mats, Svensson Krister G, Svensson Peter
Department of Prosthodontics, Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210008, China.
Section of Orofacial Pain and Jaw Function, Department of Dentistry, Aarhus University, Aarhus C, Denmark.
Exp Brain Res. 2016 Jul;234(7):1935-1943. doi: 10.1007/s00221-016-4598-4. Epub 2016 Feb 25.
The aim was to test the hypothesis that short-term oral sensorimotor training of the jaw muscles would increase the precision of task performance and induce neuroplastic changes in the corticomotor pathways, related to the masseter muscle. Fifteen healthy volunteers performed six series with ten trials of an oral sensorimotor task. The task was to manipulate and position a spherical chocolate candy in between the anterior teeth and split it into two equal halves. The precision of the task performance was evaluated by comparing the ratio between the two split halves. A series of "hold-and-split" tasks was also performed before and after the training. The hold force and split force along with the electromyographic (EMG) activity of jaw muscles were recorded. Motor-evoked potentials and cortical motor maps of the right masseter muscle were evoked by transcranial magnetic stimulation. There was a significant effect of series on the precision of the task performance during the short-term oral sensorimotor training (P < 0.002). The hold force during the "hold-and-split" task was significantly lower after training than before the short-term training (P = 0.011). However, there was no change in the split force and the EMG activity of the jaw muscles before and after the training. Further, there was a significant increase in the amplitude of the motor-evoked potentials (P < 0.016) and in the motor cortex map areas (P = 0.033), after the short-term oral sensorimotor training. Therefore, short-term oral sensorimotor task training increased the precision of task performance and induced signs of neuroplastic changes in the corticomotor pathways, related to the masseter muscle.
对咬肌进行短期口腔感觉运动训练会提高任务执行的精度，并在与咬肌相关的皮质运动通路中诱导神经可塑性变化。15名健康志愿者进行了6组，每组10次口腔感觉运动任务试验。任务是在前牙间操作并放置一颗球形巧克力糖果，然后将其分成两半。通过比较两半糖果的比例来评估任务执行的精度。在训练前后还进行了一系列“握持并分开”任务。记录了握持力和分开力以及咬肌的肌电图（EMG）活动。通过经颅磁刺激诱发右侧咬肌的运动诱发电位和皮质运动图谱。在短期口腔感觉运动训练期间，系列对任务执行精度有显著影响（P < 0.002）。训练后“握持并分开”任务中的握持力显著低于短期训练前（P = 0.011）。然而，训练前后分开力和咬肌的EMG活动没有变化。此外，短期口腔感觉运动训练后，运动诱发电位的幅度（P < 0.016）和运动皮质图谱面积（P = 0.033）有显著增加。因此，短期口腔感觉运动任务训练提高了任务执行的精度，并在与咬肌相关的皮质运动通路中诱导了神经可塑性变化的迹象。
