Bond Sharon M, Cartmell Kathleen B, Lopez Cristina M, Ford Marvella E, Brandt Heather M, Gore Elena I, Zapka Jane G, Alberg Anthony J
Medical University of South Carolina, College of Nursing, Charleston, South Carolina.
Medical University of South Carolina, College of Nursing, Charleston, South Carolina; Cancer Prevention and Control Program, Hollings Cancer Center, Charleston, South Carolina.
J Pediatr Adolesc Gynecol. 2016 Oct;29(5):429-435. doi: 10.1016/j.jpag.2016.02.005. Epub 2016 Feb 22.
Human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccines provide an opportunity to greatly reduce the burden of cervical cancer. Although there has been improvement in uptake, there are notable ethnic/racial disparities. This qualitative study was conducted to better understand factors related to vaccine uptake among female adolescents from 3 racial/ethnic groups: African American (AA), Hispanic, and Caucasian. Findings can inform the development of optimal messages and strategies for clinical and population-based interventions.
This mixed-methods descriptive study included completion of a brief structured survey and focus group discussion. Six focus groups were conducted with female adolescents, 2 each in the AA, Hispanic, and Caucasian groups. Brief structured survey questions and the focus group protocol addressed knowledge, perceptions, and behaviors related to HPV, HPV vaccination, and cervical cancer.
PARTICIPANTS, INTERVENTIONS, AND MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Participants were 60 female adolescents (ages 13-19, mean age = 16.6 years) recruited from high schools, public health clinics, and churches.
Themes across questions were remarkably similar among AA, Hispanic, and Caucasian participants. Each group had high awareness of the terms HPV, HPV vaccination, and cervical cancer, but with little in-depth knowledge about these topics. There was a high acceptance of HPV vaccination. Misperceptions about optimal cervical cancer prevention strategies such as simply knowing one's partner and good hygiene were most common among Hispanic adolescents. Awareness about Pap testing was most common among Caucasian adolescents.
Predominantly uniform perceptions of HPV vaccines across racial/ethnic groups suggest a "one size fits all" approach will likely have greater reach with cervical cancer prevention messaging than culturally tailored interventions.
人乳头瘤病毒（HPV）疫苗为大幅减轻宫颈癌负担提供了契机。尽管疫苗接种率有所提高，但在种族/民族方面仍存在显著差异。本定性研究旨在更好地了解非裔美国人（AA）、西班牙裔和白种人这三个种族/民族的女性青少年中与疫苗接种相关的因素。研究结果可为临床和基于人群的干预措施制定最佳信息和策略提供参考。
这项混合方法描述性研究包括完成一份简短的结构化调查和焦点小组讨论。对女性青少年进行了6次焦点小组讨论，AA组、西班牙裔组和白种人组各2次。简短的结构化调查问题和焦点小组讨论方案涉及与HPV、HPV疫苗接种和宫颈癌相关的知识、认知和行为。
参与者、干预措施及主要观察指标：参与者为60名从高中、公共卫生诊所和教堂招募的女性青少年（年龄13 - 19岁，平均年龄 = 16.6岁）。
AA组、西班牙裔组和白种人组参与者在各问题上的主题非常相似。每个组对HPV、HPV疫苗接种和宫颈癌这些术语的知晓度都很高，但对这些主题的深入了解较少。对HPV疫苗接种的接受度较高。西班牙裔青少年中最常见的是对最佳宫颈癌预防策略存在误解，比如仅仅了解自己的性伴侣和保持良好卫生习惯。白种人青少年中对巴氏试验的知晓度最为普遍。
不同种族/民族群体对HPV疫苗的认知基本一致，这表明与针对不同文化量身定制的干预措施相比，“一刀切”的方法在宫颈癌预防宣传方面可能会覆盖更广泛的人群。
