Jdir Hamida, Khemakham Bassem, Najjaa Hanen, Chakroun Mouna, Jridi Mourad, Ben Arfa Abdelkarim, Ben Ali Yassine, Zouari Nacim
a Laboratory of Enzyme Engineering of Lipases and Biochemistry, Engineering National School of Sfax (ENIS) , University of Sfax , Sfax , Tunisia ;
b Laboratory of Plant Biotechnology, Faculty of Sciences of Sfax , University of Sfax , Sfax , Tunisia ;
Pharm Biol. 2016 Oct;54(10):2111-8. doi: 10.3109/13880209.2016.1145704. Epub 2016 Feb 26.
Context The present study deals with new biological properties of the wild edible Diplotaxis simplex (Viv.) Spreng (Brassicaceae). Objectives The current study evaluates the antioxidant, the anti-inflammatory and the anti-cancer properties of ethyl acetate and ethanol extracts from D. simplex flowers. Materials and methods The anti-proliferative activity of the extracts (10-70 μg/mL) was assessed by 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) against human colon cancer cell line Caco-2. The anti-inflammatory potential was evaluated by the inhibitory effect of the extracts (1.5-7.5 mg/mL) on phospholipase A2 activity as well as on carrageenan-induced paw oedema in mice. Extracts (200 mg/kg) or indomethacin (50 mg/kg) as positive control were injected intraperitoneally for albino mice prior to the induction of the oedema by carrageenan. Antioxidant activities were investigated using various complementary methods. Results Flower extracts contained a high level of polyphenolics (17.10-52.70 mg GAE/g) and flavonoids (74.20-100.60 mg QE/g), which correlate with its appreciable antioxidant potential in β-carotene peroxidation (IC50 value: 12.50-27.10 μg/mL), DPPH(•) radical-scavenging (IC50 value: 0.20-0.40 mg/mL), Fe(3+ )reducing (EC50 value: 0.10-0.14 mg/mL) and Fe(2+ )chelating (IC50 value: 0.20-0.60 mg/mL) assays. These extracts were effective in inhibiting cancer cell growth (IC50 value: 62.0-63.25 μg/mL). Besides, the ethyl acetate extract inhibited phospholipase A2 activity (IC50 value: 2.97 mg/mL) and reduced the paw oedema in mice (from 0.38 ± 0.01 to 0.24 ± 0.01 cm), 4 h post-carrageenan challenge. Conclusion These data suggest that D. simplex may be useful as a candidate in the treatment of inflammation and the colon cancer.
背景 本研究探讨野生可食用植物单花双角荠（Diplotaxis simplex (Viv.) Spreng，十字花科）的新生物学特性。
目的 本研究评估单花双角荠花的乙酸乙酯提取物和乙醇提取物的抗氧化、抗炎和抗癌特性。
材料与方法 通过3-(4,5-二甲基噻唑-2-基)-2,5-二苯基四氮唑溴盐（MTT）法评估提取物（10 - 70μg/mL）对人结肠癌细胞系Caco-2的抗增殖活性。通过提取物（1.5 - 7.5mg/mL）对磷脂酶A2活性的抑制作用以及对角叉菜胶诱导的小鼠爪肿胀的抑制作用来评估其抗炎潜力。在角叉菜胶诱导水肿前，给白化小鼠腹腔注射提取物（200mg/kg）或作为阳性对照的吲哚美辛（50mg/kg）。使用多种互补方法研究抗氧化活性。
结果 花提取物含有高水平的多酚（17.10 - 52.70mg GAE/g）和黄酮类化合物（74.20 - 100.60mg QE/g），这与其在β-胡萝卜素过氧化（IC50值：12.50 - 27.10μg/mL）、DPPH(•)自由基清除（IC50值：0.20 - 0.40mg/mL）、Fe(3 + )还原（EC50值：0.10 - 0.14mg/mL）和Fe(2 + )螯合（IC50值：0.20 - 0.60mg/mL）试验中可观的抗氧化潜力相关。这些提取物能有效抑制癌细胞生长（IC50值：62.0 - 63.25μg/mL）。此外，乙酸乙酯提取物抑制磷脂酶A2活性（IC50值：2.97mg/mL），并在角叉菜胶攻击后4小时减轻小鼠爪肿胀（从0.38±0.01cm降至0.24±0.01cm）。
结论 这些数据表明单花双角荠可能作为治疗炎症和结肠癌的候选药物。
