Schwartz C, King N A, Perreira B, Blundell J E, Thivel D
Laboratory of the Metabolic Adaptations to Exercise under Physiological and Pathological Conditions (AME2P), UE3533, Clermont Auvergne University, Clermont-Ferrand, France.
School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Australia.
Pediatr Obes. 2017 Jun;12(3):179-194. doi: 10.1111/ijpo.12124. Epub 2016 Feb 24.
The effects of regular physical activity on energy intake in obese adolescents are unknown.
The objective is to determine how physical activity interventions affect energy and macronutrient intake in overweight/obese youth.
Databases were searched from December 2014 to December 2015 for studies that measured energy and/or macronutrient consumption in response to physical activity intervention in overweight/obese youth.
The review comprises primary source articles published in English in peer-reviewed journals. Articles that presented data on energy and/or macronutrient intake before and after a physical activity intervention (without dietary restriction) in overweight or obese children and teenagers (up to 18 years old) were included. Of the initial 307 references found, nine were included.
The nine included studies analysed the effect of 15 different physical activity interventions. Nine showed a decrease and six unchanged energy intakes. The effect size for total energy intake ranged from -2.108 to -0.207 (n = 14). Results of the meta-analysis revealed a mean effect of physical intervention to reduce intake of -1.003 (95% confidence interval = -1.261 to -0.745, p < 0.001). Results for heterogeneity among these studies were I = 67.421; Q = 39.903; d = 13, p < 0.001. The mean energy intake reduction was -323 ± 286 kcal. Macronutrient intake was assessed in 11 interventions. Protein intake was found decreased in five (reduction of -26.8 ± 19.2 g), seven reported fat decrease (reduction of -26.4 ± 17.8 g) and five a decrease in CHO (reduction of -72.5 ± 22.8 g). The meta-analysis revealed significant decreases of each macronutrient (p < 0.001).
Structured physical activity interventions favour decreased daily energy intake in obese adolescents.
规律体育活动对肥胖青少年能量摄入的影响尚不清楚。
确定体育活动干预如何影响超重/肥胖青少年的能量和宏量营养素摄入。
检索2014年12月至2015年12月的数据库，查找测量超重/肥胖青少年体育活动干预后能量和/或宏量营养素消耗的研究。
该综述包括在同行评审期刊上发表的英文原始文献。纳入了呈现超重或肥胖儿童及青少年（18岁及以下）体育活动干预（无饮食限制）前后能量和/或宏量营养素摄入数据的文章。在最初找到的307篇参考文献中，纳入了9篇。
9项纳入研究分析了15种不同体育活动干预的效果。9项研究显示能量摄入减少，6项显示不变。总能量摄入的效应量范围为-2.108至-0.207（n = 14）。荟萃分析结果显示体育干预的平均效应为减少摄入量-1.003（95%置信区间=-1.261至-0.745，p < 0.001）。这些研究的异质性结果为I = 67.421；Q = 39.903；d = 13，p < 0.001。平均能量摄入减少量为-323±286千卡。在11项干预中评估了宏量营养素摄入。发现5项干预中蛋白质摄入量减少（减少-26.8±19.2克），7项报告脂肪减少（减少-26.4±17.8克），5项干预中碳水化合物减少（减少-72.5±22.8克）。荟萃分析显示每种宏量营养素均显著减少（p < 0.001）。
结构化体育活动干预有利于肥胖青少年每日能量摄入减少。
