Chromosome Dynamics Laboratory, RIKEN, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan.
Cell. 2016 Feb 25;164(5):847-57. doi: 10.1016/j.cell.2016.01.033.
Condensins are large protein complexes that play a central role in chromosome organization and segregation in the three domains of life. They display highly characteristic, rod-shaped structures with SMC (structural maintenance of chromosomes) ATPases as their core subunits and organize large-scale chromosome structure through active mechanisms. Most eukaryotic species have two distinct condensin complexes whose balanced usage is adapted flexibly to different organisms and cell types. Studies of bacterial condensins provide deep insights into the fundamental mechanisms of chromosome segregation. This Review surveys both conserved features and rich variations of condensin-based chromosome organization and discusses their evolutionary implications.
凝缩素是一种大型蛋白复合物，在生命的三个领域中发挥着核心作用，参与染色体的组织和分离。它们呈现出高度特征性的杆状结构，以 SMC（染色体结构维持）ATP 酶作为核心亚基，并通过活跃的机制来组织大规模的染色体结构。大多数真核生物物种具有两个不同的凝缩复合物，它们的平衡使用可以灵活适应不同的生物体和细胞类型。对细菌凝缩素的研究深入了解了染色体分离的基本机制。这篇综述调查了基于凝缩素的染色体组织的保守特征和丰富变化，并讨论了它们的进化意义。
