与成年人特定情境下久坐时间相关的个人、社会认知和身体环境变量：一项为期一年的随访研究。
Intrapersonal, social-cognitive and physical environmental variables related to context-specific sitting time in adults: a one-year follow-up study.
作者信息
Busschaert Cedric, De Bourdeaudhuij Ilse, Van Cauwenberg Jelle, Cardon Greet, De Cocker Katrien
机构信息
Department Movement & Sport Sciences, Ghent University, Watersportlaan 2, 9000, Ghent, Belgium.
Fund for Scientific Research Flanders (FWO), Egmontstraat 5, 1000, Brussels, Belgium.
出版信息
Int J Behav Nutr Phys Act. 2016 Feb 27;13:28. doi: 10.1186/s12966-016-0354-1.
BACKGROUND
Investigating associations between socio-ecological variables and context-specific sitting time in adults can support the development of future interventions. The purpose of the present study was to examine the cross-sectional and longitudinal relationships of intrapersonal, social-cognitive and physical environmental variables with context-specific sitting time (i.e. TV-viewing, computer use, motorized transport, and occupational sitting) in adults.
METHODS
In this longitudinal study, data were retrieved from a random sample of Flemish (Belgian) adults. At baseline, 301 adults (age, 43.3 ± 10.6 years) completed a questionnaire on context-specific sitting time and its potential predictors. After a 1-year follow-up period, complete data of 188 adults was available (age, 46.0 ± 10.4 years). Multiple linear regression analyses were performed for both the cross-sectional data at baseline (correlates) and the longitudinal data (predictors).
RESULTS
The cross-sectional and longitudinal analyses revealed different relationships between sitting during TV viewing, computer use, motorized transport and occupation. Generally, change in cross-sectional correlates did not cause change in context-specific sitting time in the longitudinal analyses. Social-cognitive correlates/predictors were most frequently identified, followed by intrapersonal correlates/predictors. Attitude, self-efficacy, (social) norm and modelling were found to be the most consistently related social-cognitive correlates/predictors to context-specific sitting time. Limited evidence was available for relationships between physical environmental variables and context-specific sitting time.
CONCLUSIONS
The cross-sectional correlates differed from the longitudinal predictors of context-specific sitting time, highlighting the need for longitudinal research. The present study also underlined the need for family interventions to minimize context-specific sitting time, as both intrapersonal and social-cognitive variables were associated with context-specific sitting time.
背景
研究社会生态变量与成年人特定情境下久坐时间之间的关联，可为未来干预措施的制定提供支持。本研究的目的是探讨个体、社会认知和物理环境变量与成年人特定情境下久坐时间（即看电视、使用电脑、乘坐机动交通工具和职业久坐）之间的横断面和纵向关系。
方法
在这项纵向研究中，数据取自弗拉芒（比利时）成年人的随机样本。在基线时，301名成年人（年龄43.3±10.6岁）完成了一份关于特定情境下久坐时间及其潜在预测因素的问卷。经过1年的随访期后，获得了188名成年人的完整数据（年龄46.0±10.4岁）。对基线时的横断面数据（相关因素）和纵向数据（预测因素）均进行了多元线性回归分析。
结果
横断面和纵向分析揭示了看电视、使用电脑、乘坐机动交通工具和职业久坐之间不同的关系。一般来说，横断面相关因素的变化在纵向分析中并未导致特定情境下久坐时间的变化。社会认知相关因素/预测因素被识别得最为频繁，其次是个体相关因素/预测因素。态度、自我效能、（社会）规范和榜样被发现是与特定情境下久坐时间最一致相关的社会认知相关因素/预测因素。关于物理环境变量与特定情境下久坐时间之间的关系，证据有限。
结论
特定情境下久坐时间的横断面相关因素与纵向预测因素不同，这凸显了纵向研究的必要性。本研究还强调了家庭干预对于尽量减少特定情境下久坐时间的必要性，因为个体和社会认知变量均与特定情境下久坐时间相关。
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