Wallmann-Sperlich Birgit, Bucksch Jens, Schneider Sven, Froboese Ingo
Institute of Sport Science, Julius-Maximilians-University Würzburg, Judenbühlweg 11, 97082 Würzburg, Germany.
BMC Public Health. 2014 Dec 11;14:1259. doi: 10.1186/1471-2458-14-1259.
Sitting time is ubiquitous for most adults in developed countries and is most prevalent in three domains: in the workplace, during transport and during leisure time. The correlates of prolonged sitting time in workplace settings are not well understood. Therefore, the aim of this study was to examine the gender-specific associations between the socio-demographic, behavioural and cognitive correlates of work-related sitting time.
A cross-sectional sample of working German adults (n = 1515; 747 men; 43.5 ± 11.0 years) completed questionnaires regarding domain-specific sitting times and physical activity (PA) and answered statements concerning beliefs about sitting. To identify gender-specific correlates of work-related sitting time, we used a series of linear regressions.
The overall median was 2 hours of work-related sitting time/day. Regression analyses showed for men (β = -.43) and for women (β = -.32) that work-related PA was negatively associated with work-related sitting time, but leisure-related PA was not a significant correlate. For women only, transport-related PA (β = -.07) was a negative correlate of work-related sitting time, suggesting increased sitting times during work with decreased PA in transport. Education and income levels were positively associated, and in women only, age (β = -.14) had a negative correlation with work-related sitting time. For both genders, TV-related sitting time was negatively associated with work-related sitting time. The only association with cognitive correlates was found in men for the belief 'Sitting for long periods does not matter to me' (β = .10) expressing a more positive attitude towards sitting with increasing sitting durations.
The present findings show that in particular, higher educated men and women as well as young women are high-risk groups to target for reducing prolonged work-related sitting time. In addition, our findings propose considering increasing transport-related PA, especially in women, as well as promoting recreation-related PA in conjunction with efforts to reduce long work-related sitting times.
在发达国家，大多数成年人久坐时间普遍较长，且在三个领域最为常见：工作场所、交通出行期间和休闲时间。人们对工作场所中长时间久坐的相关因素了解不足。因此，本研究旨在探讨与工作相关的久坐时间在社会人口统计学、行为和认知方面的相关因素与性别的特定关联。
对德国在职成年人进行横断面抽样（n = 1515；747名男性；年龄43.5 ± 11.0岁），他们完成了关于特定领域久坐时间和身体活动（PA）的问卷，并回答了有关久坐观念的陈述。为了确定与工作相关的久坐时间的性别特定相关因素，我们进行了一系列线性回归分析。
与工作相关的久坐时间总体中位数为每天2小时。回归分析显示，对于男性（β = -0.43）和女性（β = -0.32），与工作相关的身体活动与工作相关的久坐时间呈负相关，但与休闲相关的身体活动不是显著相关因素。仅对于女性，与交通相关的身体活动（β = -0.07）与工作相关的久坐时间呈负相关，这表明在交通出行中身体活动减少时，工作期间的久坐时间会增加。教育程度和收入水平呈正相关，仅对于女性，年龄（β = -0.14）与工作相关的久坐时间呈负相关。对于男女两性，与看电视相关的久坐时间与工作相关的久坐时间呈负相关。在男性中，仅发现与认知相关因素的关联在于信念“长时间坐着对我来说无关紧要”（β = 0.10），即随着久坐时间增加，对久坐表达出更积极的态度。
目前的研究结果表明，特别是受过高等教育的男性和女性以及年轻女性是减少与工作相关的长时间久坐时间的高危目标群体。此外，我们的研究结果建议考虑增加与交通相关的身体活动，尤其是在女性中，同时在努力减少与工作相关的长时间久坐时间的同时，促进与休闲相关的身体活动。
