Jensen Andrew E, Palombo Laura J, Niederberger Brenda, Turcotte Lorraine P, Kelly Karen R
Warfighter Performance Department, Naval Health Research Center, San Diego, CA, USA; Department of Biological Sciences, Human and Evolutionary Biology Section, Dana and David Dornsife College of Letters, Arts and Sciences, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
Warfighter Performance Department, Naval Health Research Center, San Diego, CA, USA.
Growth Horm IGF Res. 2016 Apr;27:33-40. doi: 10.1016/j.ghir.2016.02.003. Epub 2016 Feb 17.
Aerobic exercise with blood flow restriction (aBFR) has been proposed as an adjunctive modality in numerous populations, potentially via an enhanced growth factor response. However, the effects of aBFR on highly trained warfighters have yet to be examined. The purpose of this study was to determine if adjunctive aBFR as part of a regular physical training regimen would increase markers of aerobic fitness and muscle strength in elite warfighters. In addition, we sought to determine whether the changes in blood lactate concentration induced by aBFR would be associated with alterations in the insulin-like growth factor (IGF) axis.
Active-duty US Naval Special Warfare Operators (n=18, age=36.8 ± 2.2 years, weight=89.1 ± 1.2 kg, height=181.5 ± 1.4 cm) from Naval Amphibious Base Coronado were recruited to participate in 20 days of adjunctive aBFR training. Peak oxygen consumption (VO2 peak), ventilatory threshold (VT), and 1-repetition max (1-RM) bench press and squat were assessed pre- and post-aBFR training. Blood lactate and plasma IGF-1 and IGF-binding protein-3 (IGFBP-3) were assessed pre-, 2 min post-, and 30 min post-aBFR on days 1, 9, and 20 of aBFR training.
Following aBFR training there were no changes in VO2 peak or VT, but there was an increase in the 1-RM for the bench press and the squat (5.0 and 3.9%, respectively, P<0.05). Blood lactate concentration at the 2-min post-exercise time point was 4.5-7.2-fold higher than pre-exercise levels on all days (P<0.001). At the 30-min post-exercise time point, blood lactate was still 1.6-2.6-fold higher than pre-exercise levels (P<0.001), but had decreased by 49-56% from the 2-min post-exercise time point (P<0.001). Plasma IGF-1 concentrations did not change over the course of the study. On day 9, plasma IGFBP-3 concentration was 4-22% lower than on day 1 (P<0.01) and 22% lower on day 9 than on day 20 at the 30-min post-exercise time point (P<0.001).
Our data suggest that aBFR training does not lead to practical strength adaptations or alterations in the IGF axis in a population of highly trained warfighters.
有研究提出，血流限制下的有氧运动（aBFR）可作为许多人群的辅助训练方式，这可能是通过增强生长因子反应来实现的。然而，aBFR对训练有素的作战人员的影响尚未得到研究。本研究的目的是确定作为常规体育训练方案一部分的辅助aBFR训练是否会提高精英作战人员的有氧适能和肌肉力量指标。此外，我们试图确定aBFR引起的血乳酸浓度变化是否与胰岛素样生长因子（IGF）轴的改变有关。
招募来自海军两栖基地科罗纳多的现役美国海军特种作战操作员（n = 18，年龄 = 36.8 ± 2.2岁，体重 = 89.1 ± 1.2 kg，身高 = 181.5 ± 1.4 cm）参与为期20天的辅助aBFR训练。在aBFR训练前后评估峰值耗氧量（VO2峰值）、通气阈值（VT）以及卧推和深蹲的1次重复最大值（1-RM）。在aBFR训练的第1天、第9天和第20天，分别在aBFR训练前、训练后2分钟和训练后30分钟评估血乳酸、血浆IGF-1和IGF结合蛋白-3（IGFBP-3）。
aBFR训练后，VO2峰值或VT没有变化，但卧推和深蹲的1-RM有所增加（分别增加5.0%和3.9%，P < 0.05）。在所有训练日，运动后2分钟时的血乳酸浓度比运动前水平高4.5 - 7.2倍（P < 0.001）。在运动后30分钟时，血乳酸仍比运动前水平高1.6 - 2.6倍（P < 0.001），但与运动后2分钟时相比下降了49 - 56%（P < 0.001）。在研究过程中，血浆IGF-1浓度没有变化。在第9天，运动后30分钟时的血浆IGFBP-3浓度比第1天低4 - 22%（P < 0.01），且在第9天比第20天低22%（P < 0.001）。
我们的数据表明，aBFR训练不会使训练有素的作战人员群体产生实际力量适应性变化或IGF轴改变。
