School of Applied Sciences, Auckland University of Technology, Private Bag 92006, Auckland, 1142, New Zealand.
School of Applied Sciences, Auckland University of Technology, Private Bag 92006, Auckland, 1142, New Zealand.
Appetite. 2016 May 1;100:244-55. doi: 10.1016/j.appet.2016.02.143. Epub 2016 Feb 24.
The dominant taste sensations of three different types of chocolate gelati (milk chocolate, dark chocolate, and bittersweet chocolate) were determined using forty five trained panellists exposed to a silent reference condition and three music samples differing in hedonic ratings. The temporal dominance of sensations (TDS) method was used to measure temporal taste perceptions. The emotional states of panellists were measured after each gelati-music pairing using a scale specifically developed for this study. The TDS difference curves showed significant differences between gelati samples and music conditions (p < 0.05). Sweetness was perceived more dominant when neutral and liked music were played, while bitterness was more dominant for disliked music. A joint Canonical Variate Analysis (CVA) further explained the variability in sensory and emotion data. The first and second dimensions explained 78% of the variance, with the first dimension separating liked and disliked music and the second dimension separating liked music and silence. Gelati samples consumed while listening to liked and neutral music had positive scores, and were separated from those consumed under the disliked music condition along the first dimension. Liked music and disliked music were further correlated with positive and negative emotions respectively. Findings indicate that listening to music influenced the hedonic and sensory impressions of the gelati.
三种不同类型巧克力冰淇淋（牛奶巧克力、黑巧克力和苦甜巧克力）的主导味觉感受通过 45 名受过训练的品尝员在无声参考条件和三种音乐样本下进行测定，这三种音乐样本的愉悦感评级不同。使用时间主导感觉（TDS）方法来测量时间味觉感知。在每次冰淇淋与音乐搭配后，使用专门为此研究开发的量表测量品尝员的情绪状态。TDS 差异曲线显示冰淇淋样本和音乐条件之间存在显著差异（p<0.05）。当播放中性和喜欢的音乐时，甜味被感知为更主导的味道，而苦味在不喜欢的音乐时更主导。联合典范变量分析（CVA）进一步解释了感官和情感数据的可变性。第一维和第二维解释了 78%的方差，第一维分离了喜欢和不喜欢的音乐，第二维分离了喜欢的音乐和安静。在喜欢的和中性的音乐下品尝的冰淇淋有积极的评分，并沿着第一维与在不喜欢的音乐条件下品尝的冰淇淋区分开来。喜欢的音乐和不喜欢的音乐分别与积极和消极的情绪相关。研究结果表明，听音乐影响了冰淇淋的愉悦感和感官印象。
