Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Northeastern University, Boston, Massachusetts 02115; email:
Annu Rev Biomed Eng. 2016 Jul 11;18:259-84. doi: 10.1146/annurev-bioeng-090215-112735. Epub 2016 Feb 24.
Heterogeneity in single-cell responses and intercellular interactions results from complex regulation of cell-intrinsic and environmental factors. Single-cell analysis allows not only detection of individual cellular characteristics but also correlation of genetic content with phenotypic traits in the same cell. Technological advances in micro- and nanofabrication have benefited single-cell analysis by allowing precise control of the localized microenvironment, cell manipulation, and sensitive detection capabilities. Additionally, microscale techniques permit rapid, high-throughput, multiparametric screening that has become essential for -omics research. This review highlights innovative applications of microscale platforms in genetic, proteomic, and metabolic detection in single cells; cell sorting strategies; and heterotypic cell-cell interaction. We discuss key design aspects of single-cell localization and isolation in microfluidic systems, dynamic and endpoint analyses, and approaches that integrate highly multiplexed detection of various intracellular species.
单细胞反应和细胞间相互作用的异质性源于细胞内和环境因素的复杂调控。单细胞分析不仅可以检测单个细胞的特征，还可以将遗传物质与同一细胞中的表型特征相关联。微纳加工技术的进步通过允许对局部微环境、细胞操作和灵敏检测能力进行精确控制，使单细胞分析受益。此外，微尺度技术允许快速、高通量、多参数筛选，这对于组学研究变得至关重要。本文综述了微尺度平台在单细胞中遗传、蛋白质组学和代谢检测、细胞分选策略以及异质细胞-细胞相互作用方面的创新应用。我们讨论了微流控系统中单细胞定位和分离的关键设计方面、动态和终点分析以及整合各种细胞内物质的高多重检测的方法。
