Department of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Tianjin Polytechnic University, No. 399 Binshui Western Road, Xiqing District, Tianjin, 300387, China; State Key Laboratory of Separation Membranes and Membrane Processes, Tianjin Polytechnic University, No. 399 Binshui Western Road, Xiqing District, Tianjin, 300387, China.
Department of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Tianjin Polytechnic University, No. 399 Binshui Western Road, Xiqing District, Tianjin, 300387, China.
Chemosphere. 2016 May;151:76-83. doi: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2016.02.061. Epub 2016 Mar 15.
Phthalates are commonly used man-made chemicals that can be released into soil, water, and the atmosphere. The potential toxicity of phthalates on wheat seedlings has not been well studied. To better understand the deleterious effects of di-n-butyl phthalate (DBP) and di (2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP) on wheat seedlings, their influences on the following were investigated: plant growth, net photosynthetic rate (Pn), stomatal conductance (Gs), transpiration rate (Tr), intercellular CO2 concentration (Ci), chlorophyll content, initial fluorescence (F0), maximal photochemical efficiency (Fv/Fm), photochemical quenching (qP), non-photochemical quenching (qN), effective quantum yield of photosystem II (ΦPSII), and photosynthetic electron transport rate (ETR). Compared with the control, the growth indices (plant height, fresh and dry weights of shoots, fresh and dry weights of roots), Pn, Gs, Tr, Ci, chlorophyll content, Fv/Fm, qP, ΦPSII, and ETR decreased in the 5 μg mL(-1) and 10 μg mL(-1) DBP and DEHP treatments, whereas F0 and qN increased. When wheat seedlings were treated with 20 μg mL(-1) of DBP and DEHP, the growth indices, Pn, Gs, Tr, chlorophyll content, Fv/Fm, qP, qN, ΦPSII, and ETR decreased significantly, whereas Ci and F0 increased. A decrease in the Pn of wheat seedlings was mainly caused by stomatal limitation in the 5 μg mL(-1) and 10 μg mL(-1) DBP and DEHP treatments. However, stomatal and non-stomatal limitations may have caused the reduction in Pn in the 20 μg mL(-1) DBP and DEHP treatments. Notably, the noxious effect of DBP on the wheat seedlings was significantly greater than that of DEHP.
邻苯二甲酸酯是常用的人造化学物质，可能会释放到土壤、水和大气中。邻苯二甲酸酯对小麦幼苗的潜在毒性尚未得到充分研究。为了更好地了解邻苯二甲酸二丁酯（DBP）和邻苯二甲酸二（2-乙基己基）酯（DEHP）对小麦幼苗的有害影响，研究了它们对以下方面的影响：植物生长、净光合速率（Pn）、气孔导度（Gs）、蒸腾速率（Tr）、胞间 CO2 浓度（Ci）、叶绿素含量、初始荧光（F0）、最大光化学效率（Fv/Fm）、光化学猝灭（qP）、非光化学猝灭（qN）、光系统 II 的有效量子产量（ΦPSII）和光合电子传递速率（ETR）。与对照相比，在 5μgmL（-1）和 10μgmL（-1）DBP 和 DEHP 处理下，株高、地上部和根鲜重、干重、Pn、Gs、Tr、Ci、叶绿素含量、Fv/Fm、qP、ΦPSII 和 ETR 降低，而 F0 和 qN 增加。当小麦幼苗用 20μgmL（-1）DBP 和 DEHP 处理时，生长指标、Pn、Gs、Tr、叶绿素含量、Fv/Fm、qP、qN、ΦPSII 和 ETR 显著降低，而 Ci 和 F0 增加。小麦幼苗 Pn 的降低主要是由于 5μgmL（-1）和 10μgmL（-1）DBP 和 DEHP 处理下的气孔限制引起的。然而，在 20μgmL（-1）DBP 和 DEHP 处理下，Pn 的降低可能是由气孔和非气孔限制共同引起的。值得注意的是，DBP 对小麦幼苗的毒害作用明显大于 DEHP。
