Centre of Evidence Based Dermatology, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, U.K.
Division of Epidemiology & Public Health, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, U.K.
Br J Dermatol. 2016 Jun;174(6):1242-57. doi: 10.1111/bjd.14507. Epub 2016 May 22.
Psoriasis is an inflammatory noncommunicable skin disease that affects both adults and children. At present, the epidemiology and natural history of psoriasis are not widely understood. This scoping review aimed to map the existing literature on the epidemiology of childhood psoriasis, identify research gaps for future studies and provide a comprehensive, clinically useful review. Search strategies were developed for Ovid Medline, Ovid Embase, Google Scholar and hand searching. In total, 131 articles met the inclusion criteria and were mapped; 107 articles were included for data extraction. Over the last 25 years there has been a dramatic increase in the volume of published observational epidemiological studies on childhood psoriasis. The majority were case series or cross-sectional studies, concentrated in Europe, Asia and North America. The prevalence of childhood psoriasis was found to be higher in European countries, older children and girls. Up to 48·8% of children had a family history of psoriasis in a first-degree relative. The most frequent subtype was plaque psoriasis and the most common initial sites of presentation were the scalp, limbs and trunk. Specific genetic differences have been found between child-onset and adult-onset populations. Case-control and cohort studies investigating risk factors for psoriasis onset, comorbidities and long-term health outcomes were extremely limited. The choice of study design and heterogeneity in methodology limit the validity and generalizability of the information, consistency of the results, and comparability of the studies. Well-designed epidemiological studies are needed to provide precise and consistent information about the frequency and clinical presentation, risk factors, associated diseases and long-term outcomes in childhood psoriasis.
银屑病是一种炎症性非传染性皮肤病，影响成人和儿童。目前，银屑病的流行病学和自然史尚未被广泛了解。本范围综述旨在绘制儿童银屑病流行病学的现有文献图谱，确定未来研究的研究空白，并提供全面、具有临床实用价值的综述。为 Ovid Medline、Ovid Embase、Google Scholar 和手工检索制定了搜索策略。共有 131 篇文章符合纳入标准并进行了映射；107 篇文章纳入了数据提取。在过去的 25 年中，关于儿童银屑病的观察性流行病学研究数量急剧增加。大多数是病例系列或横断面研究，集中在欧洲、亚洲和北美。发现儿童银屑病的患病率在欧洲国家、年龄较大的儿童和女孩中较高。多达 48.8%的儿童在一级亲属中有银屑病家族史。最常见的亚型是斑块状银屑病，最常见的初始发病部位是头皮、四肢和躯干。已经发现儿童发病和成人发病人群之间存在特定的遗传差异。研究银屑病发病风险因素、合并症和长期健康结局的病例对照和队列研究极为有限。研究设计的选择和方法学的异质性限制了信息的有效性和可推广性、结果的一致性以及研究的可比性。需要进行精心设计的流行病学研究，以提供关于儿童银屑病的频率和临床表现、风险因素、相关疾病和长期结局的准确和一致的信息。
