Huo Kang, Hashim Syed I, Yong Kimberley L Y, Su Hua, Qu Qiu-Min
Kang Huo, Syed I Hashim, Kimberley L Y Yong, Qiu-Min Qu, Department of Neurology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710061, Shaanxi Province, China.
World J Exp Med. 2016 Feb 20;6(1):1-8. doi: 10.5493/wjem.v6.i1.1.
Bone fracture occurs in stroke patients at different times during the recovery phase, prolonging recovery time and increasing medical costs. In this review, we discuss the potential risk factors for post-stroke bone fracture and preventive methods. Most post-stroke bone fractures occur in the lower extremities, indicating fragile bones are a risk factor. Motor changes, including posture, mobility, and balance post-stroke contribute to bone loss and thus increase risk of bone fracture. Bone mineral density is a useful indicator for bone resorption, useful to identify patients at risk of post-stroke bone fracture. Calcium supplementation was previously regarded as a useful treatment during physical rehabilitation. However, recent data suggests calcium supplementation has a negative impact on atherosclerotic conditions. Vitamin D intake may prevent osteoporosis and fractures in patients with stroke. Although drugs such as teriparatide show some benefits in preventing osteoporosis, additional clinical trials are needed to determine the most effective conditions for post-stroke applications.
骨折发生在中风患者康复阶段的不同时间，延长了康复时间并增加了医疗费用。在本综述中，我们讨论了中风后骨折的潜在风险因素和预防方法。大多数中风后骨折发生在下肢，表明骨骼脆弱是一个风险因素。运动变化，包括中风后的姿势、活动能力和平衡，会导致骨质流失，从而增加骨折风险。骨矿物质密度是骨吸收的一个有用指标，有助于识别有中风后骨折风险的患者。补钙以前被认为是物理康复期间的一种有效治疗方法。然而，最近的数据表明补钙对动脉粥样硬化状况有负面影响。摄入维生素D可能预防中风患者的骨质疏松和骨折。尽管特立帕肽等药物在预防骨质疏松方面显示出一些益处，但还需要更多的临床试验来确定中风后应用的最有效条件。
