Miyauchi Yuki, Shimaoka Yayoi, Fujimura Tsutomu, Koike Yumi, Yatabe Michio, Nishikawa Masakatsu, Hayashi Masaru, Sugata Keiichi, Moriwaki Shigeru, Hatamochi Atsushi
Biological Science Research, Kao Corporation, Ichikai, Haga, Tochigi, Japan.
Department of Dermatology, Dokkyo Medical University, School of Medicine, Mibu, Shimotsuga, Tochigi, Japan.
Pediatr Dermatol. 2016 May;33(3):289-95. doi: 10.1111/pde.12796. Epub 2016 Mar 2.
BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: Developmental changes of structures in neonatal and infant skin have not been well characterized. The purpose of this study was to clarify changes in skin structures during neonatal and infant growth in vivo.
Fifteen healthy, full-term neonates (seven girls, eight boys) were studied. The measurements were performed 4 to 7 days (neonate) and 1, 3, and 6 months after birth on the buttock, upper thigh, and ventral forearm skin using a confocal laser scanning microscope. Developmental changes in dermoepidermal junction structures, stratum corneum thickness, epidermal thickness, and microvascular development were investigated.
A significant decrease in stratum corneum thickness was observed over the 3 months after birth. Dermal papillae were not observed in neonatal skin but were observed gradually over the next 3 months. Epidermal thickness, determined from the skin surface to the bottom of the epidermal layer, increased significantly from 4 to 7 days to 1 month of age, indicating the formation of dermal papillae and rete ridges. Complicated microvascular structures were observed in neonatal skin but disappeared gradually and were observed only at the dermal papillae at 3 months of age.
Our results reveal that infant skin is in a developmental stage structurally up to 3 months of age, paralleling skin functional and developmental maturation.
背景/目的：新生儿和婴儿皮肤结构的发育变化尚未得到充分描述。本研究的目的是阐明新生儿和婴儿在生长过程中皮肤结构的体内变化。
研究了15名健康足月新生儿（7名女孩，8名男孩）。使用共聚焦激光扫描显微镜在出生后4至7天（新生儿期）以及出生后1、3和6个月时，对臀部、大腿上部和前臂内侧皮肤进行测量。研究了真皮表皮连接结构、角质层厚度、表皮厚度和微血管发育的发育变化。
出生后3个月内观察到角质层厚度显著降低。新生儿皮肤中未观察到真皮乳头，但在接下来的3个月中逐渐出现。从皮肤表面到表皮层底部测定的表皮厚度在出生后4至7天到1个月大时显著增加，表明真皮乳头和 rete 嵴的形成。新生儿皮肤中观察到复杂的微血管结构，但逐渐消失，到3个月大时仅在真皮乳头处观察到。
我们的结果表明，婴儿皮肤在结构上直到3个月大时都处于发育阶段，这与皮肤功能和发育成熟并行。
