Radomska Anna, Leszczyszyn Jarosław, Radomski Marek W
School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute, The University of Dublin, Trinity College, Dublin, Ireland.
Eleonora Reicher National Institute of Geriatrics, Rheumatology and Rehabilitation, Warszawa, Poland.
Adv Clin Exp Med. 2016 Jan-Feb;25(1):151-62. doi: 10.17219/acem/60879.
The very dynamic growth of nanotechnology, nanomaterials (sized 1-100 nm) and their medical applications over the past 10 years has promised to add a new impetus to the diagnostics and therapeutics of a wide range of human pathologies, including cancer, cardiovascular diseases and diseases of the central nervous system. This growth in nanomedicine also fuels advances in bioengineering, regenerative medicine and the development of medical devices. However, as with all new pharmaceuticals and medical devices, new opportunities are inherently accompanied by new challenges due to the ability of nanomaterials to interact with the body on the cellular, subcellular and molecular levels. This article reviews some of the most compelling problems related to the nanopharmacology and nanotoxicology of nanomaterials. The overview focuses on opportunities emerging from the development of multifunctional nanomaterials and nanotheranostics for the diagnostics and therapy of both major and rare diseases. Challenges related to the hemocompatibility of nanomaterials are also discussed.
在过去十年中，纳米技术、纳米材料（尺寸为1-100纳米）及其医学应用呈现出迅猛的发展态势，有望为包括癌症、心血管疾病和中枢神经系统疾病在内的多种人类病症的诊断和治疗注入新的动力。纳米医学的这一发展也推动了生物工程、再生医学以及医疗设备的进步。然而，与所有新型药物和医疗设备一样，由于纳米材料能够在细胞、亚细胞和分子水平上与人体相互作用，新机遇必然伴随着新挑战。本文综述了一些与纳米材料的纳米药理学和纳米毒理学相关的最引人关注的问题。概述聚焦于多功能纳米材料和纳米诊疗技术在常见和罕见疾病诊断与治疗方面发展所带来的机遇。同时也讨论了与纳米材料血液相容性相关的挑战。
