Azevedo-Pereira José Miguel, Santos-Costa Quirina
Host-Pathogen Interaction Unit, Instituto de Investigação do Medicamento (iMed.ULisboa), Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal; and Instituto de Medicina Molecular (IMM), Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal.
AIDS Rev. 2016 Jan-Mar;18(1):44-53.
HIV-1 and HIV-2 are the causal agents of AIDS. While similar in many ways, a significant amount of data suggests that HIV-2 is less virulent than HIV-1. In fact, HIV-2 infection is characterized by a longer asymptomatic stage and lower transmission rate, and the majority of HIV-2-infected patients can be classified as long-term non-progressors or elite controllers. The mechanisms underlying the ability of human host to naturally control HIV-2 infection are far from being completely understood. The identification of the differences between HIV-1 and HIV-2 interactions with human host cells could provide important insights into several aspects of retroviral pathogenesis that remain elusive, with significant implications for HIV vaccine development and therapy. In this review, we delve into some of the differences that notably distinguish HIV-2 from HIV-1, highlighting possible consequences in the pathogenesis and natural history of both infections.
HIV-1和HIV-2是艾滋病的致病原。虽然在许多方面相似，但大量数据表明，HIV-2的毒性低于HIV-1。事实上，HIV-2感染的特点是无症状期较长、传播率较低，大多数感染HIV-2的患者可归类为长期不进展者或精英控制者。人类宿主自然控制HIV-2感染能力背后的机制远未完全明了。识别HIV-1和HIV-2与人类宿主细胞相互作用之间的差异，可为逆转录病毒发病机制中几个仍难以捉摸的方面提供重要见解，对HIV疫苗研发和治疗具有重大意义。在本综述中，我们深入探讨了一些显著区分HIV-2与HIV-1的差异，强调了两种感染在发病机制和自然史方面可能产生的后果。
