Bond Peter
PeterBond.nl, Waterhoenlaan 25, Zeist, Netherlands.
J Int Soc Sports Nutr. 2016 Mar 1;13:8. doi: 10.1186/s12970-016-0118-y. eCollection 2016.
The mechanistic/mammalian target of rapamycin complex 1 (mTORC1) plays a pivotal role in the regulation of skeletal muscle protein synthesis. Activation of the complex leads to phosphorylation of two important sets of substrates, namely eIF4E binding proteins and ribosomal S6 kinases. Phosphorylation of these substrates then leads to an increase in protein synthesis, mainly by enhancing translation initiation. mTORC1 activity is regulated by several inputs, such as growth factors, energy status, amino acids and mechanical stimuli. Research in this field is rapidly evolving and unraveling how these inputs regulate the complex. Therefore this review attempts to provide a brief and up-to-date narrative on the regulation of this marvelous protein complex. Additionally, some sports supplements which have been shown to regulate mTORC1 activity are discussed.
雷帕霉素机制性/哺乳动物靶点复合物1（mTORC1）在骨骼肌蛋白质合成的调节中起关键作用。该复合物的激活导致两组重要底物发生磷酸化，即真核生物翻译起始因子4E结合蛋白（eIF4E）和核糖体S6激酶。这些底物的磷酸化随后主要通过增强翻译起始导致蛋白质合成增加。mTORC1的活性受多种因素调节，如生长因子、能量状态、氨基酸和机械刺激。该领域的研究正在迅速发展，揭示这些因素如何调节该复合物。因此，本综述试图简要且最新地阐述这种奇妙蛋白质复合物的调节机制。此外，还讨论了一些已被证明可调节mTORC1活性的运动补剂。
