Amodeo Anna Lisa, Vitelli Roberto, Scandurra Cristiano, Picariello Simona, Valerio Paolo
Department of Humanistic Studies, University of Naples Federico II, Napoli, Italy.
Department of Neurosciences and Reproductive and Odontostomatologic Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Napoli, Italy.
Int J Transgend. 2015;16(1):49-61. doi: 10.1080/15532739.2015.1022680.
Although attachment theory has been recognized as one of the main reference for the study of the general wellbeing, little research has been focused on the attachment styles of transgender people. Attachment styles are deeply influenced by the earliest relationships with caregivers, which, for gender nonconforming children, are often characterized by parental rejection. Consequently, transgender children and adults likely internalize societal stigma, developing internalized transphobia. The current research was aimed to explore the link between adult attachment and internalized transphobia.
25 male-to-female (MtF) and 23 female-to-male (FtM) transgender people participated in the survey filling in two self-report questionnaires: the Attachment Style Questionnaire and the Transgender Identity Survey. A cluster analysis, T-Test and multiple regression analysis were conducted to explore the link between attachment styles and internalized transphobia.
A greater prevalence of secure attachment styles was detected. Participants with secure attachment styles reported higher levels of positive transgender identity than those with insecure attachment styles. Secure attachment styles significantly affect positive transgender identity, while insecure attachment styles influence internalized transphobia.
A clinical focus on the redefinition of the Internal Working Models of transgender people can inform psychologically-focused interventions, which transgender people can benefit from.
尽管依恋理论已被公认为研究总体幸福感的主要参考理论之一，但针对跨性别者依恋风格的研究却很少。依恋风格深受与照顾者早期关系的影响，对于性别不一致的儿童而言，这种关系往往以父母的拒绝为特征。因此，跨性别儿童和成年人可能会内化社会耻辱感，产生内化的恐跨症。当前的研究旨在探讨成人依恋与内化恐跨症之间的联系。
25名男变女（MtF）和23名女变男（FtM）的跨性别者参与了调查，填写了两份自我报告问卷：依恋风格问卷和跨性别身份调查。进行了聚类分析、T检验和多元回归分析，以探讨依恋风格与内化恐跨症之间的联系。
发现安全依恋风格的比例更高。具有安全依恋风格的参与者报告的积极跨性别身份水平高于具有不安全依恋风格的参与者。安全依恋风格显著影响积极的跨性别身份，而不安全依恋风格则影响内化的恐跨症。
临床关注对跨性别者内部工作模式的重新定义可为以心理为重点的干预提供参考，跨性别者能从中受益。
