Chatzimichailidou Maria Mikela, Dokas Ioannis M
Department of Civil Engineering, Vassilissis Sofias 12, Democritus University of Thrace, Xanthi 67100, Greece.
Department of Civil Engineering, Vassilissis Sofias 12, Democritus University of Thrace, Xanthi 67100, Greece.
Accid Anal Prev. 2016 May;90:118-27. doi: 10.1016/j.aap.2016.02.005. Epub 2016 Mar 1.
Complex socio-technical systems, such as road tunnels, can be designed and developed with more or less elements that can either positively or negatively affect the capability of their agents to recognise imminent threats or vulnerabilities that possibly lead to accidents. This capability is called risk Situation Awareness (SA) provision. Having as a motive the introduction of better tools for designing and developing systems that are self-aware of their vulnerabilities and react to prevent accidents and losses, this paper introduces the Risk Situation Awareness Provision (RiskSOAP) methodology to the field of road tunnel safety, as a means to measure this capability in this kind of systems. The main objective is to test the soundness and the applicability of RiskSOAP to infrastructure, which is advanced in terms of technology, human integration, and minimum number of safety requirements imposed by international bodies. RiskSOAP is applied to a specific road tunnel in Greece and the accompanying indicator is calculated twice, once for the tunnel design as defined by updated European safety standards and once for the 'as-is' tunnel composition, which complies with the necessary safety requirements, but calls for enhancing safety according to what EU and PIARC further suggest. The derived values indicate the extent to which each tunnel version is capable of comprehending its threats and vulnerabilities based on its elements. The former tunnel version seems to be more enhanced both in terms of it risk awareness capability and safety as well. Another interesting finding is that despite the advanced tunnel safety specifications, there is still room for enriching the safe design and maintenance of the road tunnel.
复杂的社会技术系统，如公路隧道，在设计和开发时可能包含或多或少的元素，这些元素可能对其主体识别可能导致事故的潜在威胁或漏洞的能力产生积极或消极影响。这种能力被称为风险态势感知（SA）能力。本文旨在引入更好的工具来设计和开发能够自我感知漏洞并做出反应以预防事故和损失的系统，将风险态势感知能力提供（RiskSOAP）方法引入公路隧道安全领域，作为衡量这类系统中这种能力的一种手段。主要目标是测试RiskSOAP在基础设施方面的合理性和适用性，该基础设施在技术、人员整合以及国际机构规定的最低安全要求方面都较为先进。RiskSOAP应用于希腊的一条特定公路隧道，相关指标计算了两次，一次针对根据更新后的欧洲安全标准定义的隧道设计，一次针对“实际”的隧道组成，其符合必要的安全要求，但需要根据欧盟和国际道路联合会（PIARC）的进一步建议加强安全措施。得出的值表明每个隧道版本基于其元素能够理解其威胁和漏洞的程度。前一个隧道版本在风险意识能力和安全性方面似乎都得到了更大的提升。另一个有趣的发现是，尽管隧道安全规范较为先进，但公路隧道的安全设计和维护仍有改进空间。
