Thakur Sveta, Singh Lakhveer, Wahid Zularisam Ab, Siddiqui Muhammad Faisal, Atnaw Samson Mekbib, Din Mohd Fadhil Md
Faculty of Engineering Technology, Universiti Malaysia Pahang, Lebuhraya Tun Razak, Gambang, 26300, Kuantan, Pahang, Malaysia.
Advanced Environmental Biotechnology Centre, Nanyang Environment and Water Research Institute, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, 637141, Singapore.
Environ Monit Assess. 2016 Apr;188(4):206. doi: 10.1007/s10661-016-5211-9. Epub 2016 Mar 3.
Increasing heavy metal (HM) concentrations in the soil have become a significant problem in the modern industrialized world due to several anthropogenic activities. Heavy metals (HMs) are non-biodegradable and have long biological half lives; thus, once entered in food chain, their concentrations keep on increasing through biomagnification. The increased concentrations of heavy metals ultimately pose threat on human life also. The one captivating solution for this problem is to use green plants for HM removal from soil and render it harmless and reusable. Although this green technology called phytoremediation has many advantages over conventional methods of HM removal from soils, there are also many challenges that need to be addressed before making this technique practically feasible and useful on a large scale. In this review, we discuss the mechanisms of HM uptake, transport, and plant tolerance mechanisms to cope with increased HM concentrations. This review article also comprehensively discusses the advantages, major challenges, and future perspectives of phytoremediation of heavy metals from the soil.
由于多种人为活动，土壤中重金属（HM）浓度不断增加已成为现代工业化世界中的一个重大问题。重金属不可生物降解，具有较长的生物半衰期；因此，一旦进入食物链，其浓度会通过生物放大作用持续增加。重金属浓度的增加最终也会对人类生命构成威胁。解决这一问题的一个引人注目的办法是利用绿色植物从土壤中去除重金属，使其无害并可重复利用。尽管这种称为植物修复的绿色技术在从土壤中去除重金属的传统方法方面有许多优势，但在使该技术在大规模实际可行且有用之前，仍有许多挑战需要解决。在本综述中，我们讨论了重金属吸收、运输的机制以及植物应对重金属浓度增加的耐受机制。这篇综述文章还全面讨论了从土壤中植物修复重金属的优势、主要挑战和未来前景。
