Allroggen Marc, Rassenhofer Miriam, Witt Andreas, Plener Paul L, Brähler Elmar, Fegert Jörg M
Department of Child- and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Ulm University Hospital, Department of Medical Psychology and Medical Sociology, Leipzig University Medical Center, Department of Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, University Medical, Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz.
Dtsch Arztebl Int. 2016 Feb 19;113(7):107-13. doi: 10.3238/arztebl.2016.0107.
Sexual violence can cause severe mental and bodily harm. This is the first study of a population-based sample in Germany to assess both the frequency of the subjects' having experienced sexual violence and the frequency of their having manifested sexually aggressive behavior themselves.
2513 persons (of whom 2422 were over age 18 and 91 were aged 14 to 18) were asked about their experiences with sexual violence in the past 12 months, either as the person committing sexual violence or as the victim of sexual violence at the hands of other adults or similarly aged adolescents.
0.6% (n = 6) of the men and 1.2% (n = 16) of the women surveyed, and ca. 5% (n = 4) of the adolescents surveyed, reported having been the victim of some kind of sexual violence. 1.5% (n = 15) of the men and 1.0% (n = 13) of the women reported that they themselves had manifested sexually aggressive behavior. Women were overrepresented and adolescents underrepresented in the sample, in comparison with the overall population.
These findings suggest that the prevalences of experiences of sexual violence and of sexually aggressive behavior are markedly underestimated in official crime statistics, particularly with respect to events in which women commit sexual violence and men are victims of it. Prevalences were assessed in this study from selfreported information; the findings may thus have been distorted by a tendency on the part of the informants to give answers they thought would be socially acceptable, particularly with respect to their own sexually aggressive behavior. Moreover, the small overall number of events complicates the interpretation of the findings.
性暴力会造成严重的身心伤害。这是德国第一项基于人群样本的研究，旨在评估受试者遭受性暴力的频率以及他们自身表现出性侵犯行为的频率。
询问了2513人（其中2422人年龄在18岁以上，91人年龄在14至18岁之间）在过去12个月内作为性暴力实施者或作为其他成年人或年龄相仿青少年实施的性暴力受害者的性暴力经历。
接受调查的男性中有0.6%（n = 6）、女性中有1.2%（n = 16）以及约5%（n = 4）的青少年表示曾遭受某种性暴力。1.5%（n = 15）的男性和1.0%（n = 13）的女性报告称他们自己表现出了性侵犯行为。与总体人群相比，样本中女性比例过高，青少年比例过低。
这些研究结果表明，官方犯罪统计数据明显低估了性暴力经历和性侵犯行为的发生率，尤其是在女性实施性暴力而男性成为受害者的事件方面。本研究中的发生率是根据自我报告信息评估的；因此，这些结果可能因受访者倾向于给出他们认为在社会上可接受的答案而受到扭曲，特别是在涉及他们自己的性侵犯行为时。此外，事件总数较少使得研究结果的解释变得复杂。
