Garo Lucien P, Murugaiyan Gopal
Ann Romney Center for Neurologic Diseases, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, 02115, USA.
Cell Mol Life Sci. 2016 May;73(10):2041-51. doi: 10.1007/s00018-016-2167-4. Epub 2016 Mar 4.
MicroRNAs are a class of evolutionarily conserved, short non-coding RNAs that post-transcriptionally modulate the expression of multiple target genes. They are implicated in almost every biological process, including pathways involved in immune homeostasis, such as immune cell development, central and peripheral tolerance, and T helper cell differentiation. Alterations in miRNA expression and function can lead to major dysfunction of the immune system and mediate susceptibility to autoimmune disease. Here, we discuss the role of miRNAs in the maintenance of immune tolerance to self-antigens and the gain or loss of miRNA functions on tissue inflammation and autoimmunity.
微小RNA是一类进化上保守的短链非编码RNA，它们在转录后调节多个靶基因的表达。它们几乎涉及到每一个生物学过程，包括参与免疫稳态的信号通路，如免疫细胞发育、中枢和外周免疫耐受以及辅助性T细胞分化。微小RNA表达和功能的改变可导致免疫系统的重大功能障碍，并介导自身免疫性疾病的易感性。在这里，我们讨论微小RNA在维持对自身抗原的免疫耐受中的作用，以及微小RNA功能的获得或丧失对组织炎症和自身免疫的影响。
