Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Front Immunol. 2021 May 7;12:669382. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.669382. eCollection 2021.
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small noncoding conserved RNAs containing 19 to 24 nucleotides that are regulators of post-translational modifications and are involved in the majority of biological processes such as immune homeostasis, T helper cell differentiation, central and peripheral tolerance, and immune cell development. Autoimmune diseases are characterized by immune system dysregulation, which ultimately leads to destructive responses to self-antigens. A large body of literature suggests that autoimmune diseases and immune dysregulation are associated with different miRNA expression changes in the target cells and tissues of adaptive or innate immunity. miR-155 is identified as a critical modulator of immune responses. Recently conducted studies on the expression profile of miR-155 suggest that the altered expression and function of miR-155 can mediate vulnerability to autoimmune diseases and cause significant dysfunction of the immune system.
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) 是含有 19 到 24 个核苷酸的小非编码保守 RNA，是翻译后修饰的调节剂，参与大多数生物学过程，如免疫稳态、T 辅助细胞分化、中枢和外周耐受以及免疫细胞发育。自身免疫性疾病的特征是免疫系统失调，最终导致对自身抗原的破坏性反应。大量文献表明，自身免疫性疾病和免疫失调与适应性或先天免疫的靶细胞和组织中不同的 miRNA 表达变化有关。miR-155 被确定为免疫反应的关键调节剂。最近对 miR-155 表达谱的研究表明，miR-155 的表达和功能改变可以介导自身免疫性疾病的易感性，并导致免疫系统的显著功能障碍。
