Mela Mansfield, Depiang Gu
Mansfield Mela is Associate Professor of Psychiatry, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada. Dr. Gu Depiang is Research Associate, Correctional Services of Canada, Regional Psychiatric Centre, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada. Presented at the 44th annual meeting of the American Academy of Psychiatry and the Law, October 23-27, 2013, San Diego, CA.
J Am Acad Psychiatry Law. 2016 Mar;44(1):82-90.
Mental disorder is associated with criminal reoffending, especially violent acts of offending. Features of mental disorder, psychosocial stresses, substance use disorder, and personality disorder combine to increase the risk of criminal recidivism. Clozapine, an atypical antipsychotic, is indicated in the treatment of patients with psychotic disorders. This article is the report of a community follow-up study of a matched control of those treated with clozapine (n = 41) and those treated with other antipsychotics (n = 21). Rates of reoffending behavior in the general, nonviolent, violent, and sexual categories were calculated after two years of follow-up. Although not statistically significant, the two-year criminal conviction rates of those treated with other antipsychotics in all offense categories except sexual reoffending were two-fold higher than in those treated with clozapine. The time from release to the first offense and crime-free time in the community were significantly longer in the clozapine group. By prolonging the time it takes from release to first offense, clozapine confers additional crime-reduction advantages.
精神障碍与再次犯罪相关，尤其是暴力犯罪行为。精神障碍的特征、心理社会压力、物质使用障碍和人格障碍共同作用，增加了犯罪累犯的风险。氯氮平，一种非典型抗精神病药物，被用于治疗精神障碍患者。本文是一项社区随访研究的报告，该研究对接受氯氮平治疗的患者（n = 41）和接受其他抗精神病药物治疗的患者（n = 21）进行了匹配对照。在随访两年后，计算了一般、非暴力、暴力和性犯罪类别中的再犯罪行为发生率。尽管无统计学意义，但在除性再犯罪外的所有犯罪类别中，接受其他抗精神病药物治疗的患者的两年刑事定罪率是接受氯氮平治疗患者的两倍。氯氮平组从释放到首次犯罪的时间以及在社区中无犯罪的时间明显更长。通过延长从释放到首次犯罪的时间，氯氮平具有额外的减少犯罪优势。
