Cannata J B, Domingo J L
Research Unit, Hospital General de Asturias, University of Oviedo, Spain.
Vet Hum Toxicol. 1989 Dec;31(6):577-83.
The element aluminum is ubiquitous in nature. Although its role in the metabolism of living systems remains to be elucidated, under certain circumstances aluminum is known to be toxic. The following topics concerning the toxicologic aspects of aluminum in mammals are covered in this brief review: major sources of the metal in humans, clinical toxicology, and experimental toxicology. Diagnosis, prevention and treatment of aluminum overload are also discussed in the clinical toxicology section. Moreover, acute and chronic toxicity studies, behavioral and neurofibrillary changes, mutagenicity, carcinogenicity, and reproductive and developmental effects of the metal are reviewed in the experimental toxicology section. Aluminum, under ordinary circumstances, can accumulate in patients receiving long-term hemodialysis, which has been associated with various severe disorders.
元素铝在自然界中无处不在。尽管其在生物系统代谢中的作用仍有待阐明，但在某些情况下，铝已知具有毒性。本简要综述涵盖了以下有关哺乳动物铝毒理学方面的主题：人体中该金属的主要来源、临床毒理学和实验毒理学。临床毒理学部分还讨论了铝过载的诊断、预防和治疗。此外，实验毒理学部分综述了该金属的急性和慢性毒性研究、行为和神经纤维变化、致突变性、致癌性以及生殖和发育影响。在通常情况下，铝会在接受长期血液透析的患者体内蓄积，这与各种严重疾病有关。
