Zhao Li-min, Wang Qi-ming, Zhang Dong-dong, Ma Gui-lan
Zhong Yao Cai. 2015 Jul;38(7):1349-54.
To screen out an effective method of controlling pests on American ginseng(Panax quinquefolium).
The germinating seeds of the plant from two growers in Liuba County,Shaanxi Province,were collected and potted in pest-residing sandy soils indoors. Four pesticides (imidacloprid wettable powders, fludioxonil flowable concentrate for seed coating, chlorpyrifos granules and Pyrifos ∙ phoxim granules) in different modes and doses were applied, and their effects were assayed.
Pests were largely enchytraeid(Enchytraeus bulbosus), root mite (Rhizoglyphus robini) and two root rot fungi(Cylindrocarpon destructans and Phytophthora cactorum), which could be transmitted by both seed and soil. The treatment of dressing or soaking seeds in mixed solution of imidacloprid 25WP and fludioxonil 2.5SD plus blending the pest-residing sandy soil with chlorpyrifos ∙ phoxim 5G displayed significant effects of both controlling pests and keeping stand of seedlings(P <0. 05); whereas each of the three pesticides exhibited a middle-class effect when applied alone, and chlorpyrifos l0G showed little effect when applied singly.
The combined approach of seed- and soil-tteatments is able to efficiently reduce damages caused by seed- and soil-born pests, and become one optimal measure protecting seedlings,and is thus suggested to demonstrate and extend in the pests' infestation areas.
筛选出一种防治西洋参害虫的有效方法。
采集陕西省留坝县两个种植户的西洋参发芽种子，盆栽于室内带虫沙质土壤中。施用4种不同剂型和剂量的农药（吡虫啉可湿性粉剂、咯菌腈种子处理液剂、毒死蜱颗粒剂和毒死蜱·辛硫磷颗粒剂），并测定其效果。
害虫主要为蚯蚓（Enchytraeus bulbosus）、根螨（Rhizoglyphus robini）和两种根腐真菌（毁灭柱孢菌和恶疫霉），可通过种子和土壤传播。用吡虫啉25WP和咯菌腈2.5SD混合液拌种或浸种，再用毒死蜱·辛硫磷5G与带虫沙质土壤混合处理，对防治害虫和保苗均有显著效果（P<0.05）；而3种农药单独施用时效果中等，毒死蜱10G单独施用效果不佳。
种子和土壤联合处理方法能有效减轻种子和土壤传播害虫造成的危害，成为保护西洋参幼苗的一种优化措施，建议在害虫发生区示范推广。
