Gawlak Dominika, Mańka-Malara Katarzyna, Kamiński Tomasz, Łuniewska Magdalena, Mierzwińska-Nastalska Elżbieta
Department of Prosthodontics, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland.
Department of Oral Surgery, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland.
Dent Traumatol. 2016 Oct;32(5):416-20. doi: 10.1111/edt.12269. Epub 2016 Mar 6.
Mouthguards provide an effective preventive method against the effects of injuries sustained during sports activities, in particular cycling, football, basketball, skiing or hockey. However, when placed in the oral cavity, they can induce disorders in basic physiological functions.
The objective of this clinical study was to compare the effects of various custom mouthguards with generally available standard boil and bite mouthguards on the functions of the oral cavity.
A total of a 168 mouthguards (five custom and three standard boil and bite mouthguards) were assessed in a questionnaire-based survey. Their negative effects on the integrity of mucosa, speech, breathing, salivary flow and taste as well as in terms of inducing gag reflex, tooth clenching and temporomandibular joint complaints were compared.
Porida mouthguard was reported to have the most adverse effects on oral functions. In the majority of the respondents, the remaining mouthguards did not have any adverse effects on the stomatognathic system functions.
Mouthguards do not significantly disturb basic functions of the stomatognathic system. Standard Porida mouthguards were shown to have the most unfavourable effect on oral functions.
护齿器是预防体育活动（尤其是自行车运动、足球、篮球、滑雪或曲棍球）中受伤的有效方法。然而，当置于口腔中时，它们可能会引发基本生理功能紊乱。
本临床研究的目的是比较各种定制护齿器与市面上常见的标准煮沸咬合式护齿器对口腔功能的影响。
通过问卷调查对总共168个护齿器（5种定制护齿器和3种标准煮沸咬合式护齿器）进行评估。比较它们对黏膜完整性、言语、呼吸、唾液分泌和味觉的负面影响，以及引发恶心反射、紧咬牙和颞下颌关节不适方面的影响。
据报道，Porida护齿器对口腔功能的不良影响最大。在大多数受访者中，其余护齿器对口腔颌面部系统功能没有任何不良影响。
护齿器不会显著干扰口腔颌面部系统的基本功能。标准的Porida护齿器对口腔功能的影响最不利。
