Hysi D, Kuscu O O, Droboniku E, Toti C, Xhemnica L, Caglar E
Faculty of Dental Medicine, University of Medicine of Tirana, Albania.
Private Practice, Paediatric Dentistry, Tirana, Albania.
Eur J Paediatr Dent. 2016 Mar;17(1):75-9.
Molar incisor hypomineralisation (MIH) describes the clinical appearance of enamel hypomineralisation of systemic origin affecting one or more permanent first molars (PFMs) that are frequently associated with affected incisors. The aim of this study was to investigate the prevalence and aetiology of MIH in children living in Tirana, Albania.
The study was conducted at the Department of Paediatric and Preventive Dentistry, Faculty of Dental Medicine, and Tirana Dental Public Health Service. A total of 1,575 school children aged 8-10 years were examined by 7 calibrated examiners (dentists) (kappa: 0.86). The Weerheijm criteria were used for the diagnosis of demarcated opacities, post-eruption breakdown, atypical restorations, and extracted PFMs due to MIH.
Prevalence of MIH was found to be 14% (n=227). In the 227 children with MIH, tooth 36 was the most affected PFM, and tooth 46 the least affected. Tooth 21 was the most affected incisor and tooth 32 the least affected incisor by MIH. MIH(+) children had significanly more childhood diseases in the first 3 years of life (p=0.006). Among the children who used antibiotics, MIH(+) cases were 1.41 (1.06-1.87) times higher than in children who did not usedantibiotics, MIH(-) cases.
MIH was found to be common among 8-10 year-old Tirana children.
磨牙切牙矿化不全（MIH）描述了全身性原因导致的釉质矿化不全的临床表现，累及一颗或多颗恒第一磨牙（PFMs），且常伴有受累切牙。本研究的目的是调查阿尔巴尼亚地拉那市儿童中MIH的患病率和病因。
该研究在牙科学院儿科学与预防牙科学系以及地拉那牙科公共卫生服务中心进行。7名经过校准的检查者（牙医）对总共1575名8至10岁的学龄儿童进行了检查（卡帕值：0.86）。采用韦尔海姆标准诊断明确的釉质混浊、萌出后破损、非典型修复体以及因MIH拔除的PFMs。
发现MIH的患病率为14%（n = 227）。在227名患有MIH的儿童中，36号牙是受影响最严重的PFMs，46号牙受影响最小。21号牙是受MIH影响最严重的切牙，32号牙是受影响最小的切牙。MIH（+）儿童在生命的前3年患儿童疾病的情况明显更多（p = 0.006）。在使用抗生素的儿童中，MIH（+）病例比未使用抗生素的MIH（-）儿童高1.41（1.06 - 1.87）倍。
发现MIH在地拉那8至10岁儿童中很常见。
