Weerheijm K L
Department of Cariology, Endodontology and Pedodontology, Academic Centre for Dentistry (ACTA), Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
Eur J Paediatr Dent. 2003 Sep;4(3):114-20.
Molar Incisor Hypomineralisation (MIH) is defined as a hypomineralisation of systemic origin of one to four permanent first molars frequently associated with affected incisors. MIH molars are fragile and caries can develop very easily in those molars. Although MIH molars are well known by paediatric dentists and their occurrence is related in severe cases to major clinical problems, only limited data of the size of the problem are available. The prevalence of MIH ranges in the literature from about 3.6 to 25% and seems to differ in certain regions and birth cohorts. Unfortunately more complete comparable valid data are lacking at the moment. It seems that several aetiological factors can cause the enamel defects and that their occurrence is child related.
For children with repeated illnesses in the first years after birth and children with opacities on erupted molars or incisors it seems useful to increase the frequency of dental check-ups during the period of erupting first permanent molars.
磨牙症性低矿化（MIH）被定义为一至四颗恒牙第一磨牙系统性起源的低矿化，常伴有受累的切牙。MIH磨牙很脆弱，这些磨牙极易发生龋齿。尽管儿科牙医对MIH磨牙很熟悉，且在严重情况下其发生与重大临床问题有关，但关于该问题规模的可用数据有限。文献中MIH的患病率在约3.6%至25%之间，且在某些地区和出生队列中似乎有所不同。不幸的是，目前缺乏更完整、可比且有效的数据。似乎有几种病因可导致牙釉质缺陷，且其发生与儿童相关。
对于出生后最初几年反复患病的儿童以及萌出的磨牙或切牙有浑浊的儿童，在第一恒磨牙萌出期间增加牙科检查的频率似乎是有用的。
