Tozawa Akitsu, Tanaka Shigefumi, Sato Shusuke
Asian-Australas J Anim Sci. 2016 Mar;29(3):428-35. doi: 10.5713/ajas.15.0190. Epub 2016 Mar 1.
The objective of this study was to clarify the most effective component of grazing for improving welfare of fattening pigs. This study compared welfare indicators of 20 fattening pigs aged 100 to 124 days (the prior period) and 138 to 164 days (the latter period) in an indoor housing system (IS), an outdoor pasturing system (OP), a concrete floor paddock system (CF), a concrete floor paddock system with fresh grass (FG), or a soil floor paddock system (SF). The last three treatments include important components of a grazing system: extra space, grass feed, and soil floor. Behavior, wounds on the body, and performances, measured as average daily gain (ADG) and feed conversion ratio, were observed. CF pigs behaved similarly to IS pigs. FG pigs showed higher levels of foraging, chewing and activity. SF pigs engaged in higher levels of foraging, exploring, activity, and rooting, and showed a similar amount of playing behavior as OP pigs. ADG was the same in all treatments at the prior period, and increased in the order FG, IS, CF, SF, and OP at the latter. The behaviors and performance of SF pigs resembled those of OP which seemed to indicate a consistently higher standard of welfare than the other treatments. In conclusion, the existence of a soil floor is the most important component of a pasture for improving the welfare of pigs.
本研究的目的是阐明放牧对改善育肥猪福利最有效的组成部分。本研究比较了20头100至124日龄（前期）和138至164日龄（后期）育肥猪在室内饲养系统（IS）、室外放牧系统（OP）、水泥地面围场系统（CF）、带鲜草的水泥地面围场系统（FG）或泥土地面围场系统（SF）中的福利指标。后三种处理方式包括放牧系统的重要组成部分：额外空间、青草饲料和泥土地面。观察了行为、身体伤口以及以平均日增重（ADG）和饲料转化率衡量的生产性能。CF组猪的行为与IS组猪相似。FG组猪表现出更高水平的觅食、咀嚼和活动。SF组猪进行更高水平的觅食、探索、活动和掘土，并且表现出与OP组猪相似数量的玩耍行为。前期所有处理方式的ADG相同，后期则按FG、IS、CF、SF和OP的顺序增加。SF组猪的行为和生产性能与OP组猪相似，这似乎表明其福利水平始终高于其他处理方式。总之，泥土地面的存在是牧场中改善猪福利的最重要组成部分。
