Duffau-Toro G
Bol Med Hosp Infant Mex. 1989 Oct;46(10):684-9.
The use of the "universal" glucoelectrolytic solution proposed by the World Health Organization (WHO) for the treatment of the acute diarrheal syndrome, has now been recognized worldwide and successfully employed in the treatment of diarrhea and the maintenance of the normohydrated state once the patient has recuperated. All in all, it is necessary to comment and distinguish its beneficial aspects once placed into practice. This article primarily focuses on: 1. The recognition that local health indicators will determine importantly, the evaluation of the results obtained from the use of oral rehydration therapy; 2. The establishment of sound elements of judgement for the evaluation of the rehydrating solution from its composition to the volume employed; 3. Comment on the contraindications of oral rehydration therapy and describe the treatment plan suggested by the WHO; 4. Explain why in some parts of the world a sodium concentration of 60 is preferred over the 90 mmol/L found in the rehydrating solution; 5. Point out the risk of producing hypernatremia in patients rehydrated with the WHO solution and mechanisms which tend to reduce it; and finally, establish individualized management of water and electrolytic disturbances for certain regions of the world according to their health characteristics. Acute diarrhea; oral rehydration; critique.
世界卫生组织（WHO）提出的用于治疗急性腹泻综合征的“通用”葡萄糖电解质溶液，现已在全球得到认可，并在患者康复后成功用于治疗腹泻和维持正常水合状态。总而言之，有必要在其付诸实践后对其有益之处进行评论和区分。本文主要关注：1. 认识到当地卫生指标将在很大程度上决定对口服补液疗法使用结果的评估；2. 确立从补液溶液的成分到使用量进行评估的合理判断要素；3. 评论口服补液疗法的禁忌症并描述WHO建议的治疗方案；4. 解释为什么在世界某些地区，钠浓度为60比补液溶液中90 mmol/L更受青睐；5. 指出使用WHO溶液进行补液的患者发生高钠血症的风险以及倾向于降低该风险的机制；最后，根据世界某些地区的健康特征，为其制定个性化的水电解质紊乱管理方案。急性腹泻；口服补液；评论。
