Pruchno R A, Resch N L
Philadelphia Geriatric Center, Pennsylvania 19141.
Psychol Aging. 1989 Dec;4(4):454-63. doi: 10.1037//0882-7974.4.4.454.
Coping strategies used by 315 persons providing care to a spouse diagnosed with Alzheimer's disease were characterized as either emotion-focused (wishfulness, acceptance, intrapsychic) or problem-focused (instrumental). Models in which coping strategies were postulated as having mediator, moderator, and independent main effects were tested using multiple indexes of mental health. Wishfulness and intrapsychic strategies mediated the relationship between degree of stress and CES-D, Anxiety, and Depression. Wishfulness had a direct effect on Obsessive-Compulsive, Somatization, and Interpersonal Sensitivity; intrapsychic strategies had a direct effect on Obsessive-Compulsive, Somatization, and Interpersonal Sensitivity; and instrumental strategies had a direct effect on Positive Affect. Hierarchical regression analyses indicated that stressors and coping strategies explained between 12% and 40% of the variance on mental health indexes.
对315名照顾被诊断患有阿尔茨海默病配偶的人所采用的应对策略进行了特征描述，分为情绪聚焦型（如意算盘、接受、内心策略）或问题聚焦型（工具性策略）。使用多种心理健康指标对假设应对策略具有中介、调节和独立主效应的模型进行了检验。如意算盘和内心策略在压力程度与流调中心抑郁量表（CES-D）、焦虑和抑郁之间起到了中介作用。如意算盘对强迫、躯体化和人际敏感有直接影响；内心策略对强迫、躯体化和人际敏感有直接影响；工具性策略对积极情绪有直接影响。分层回归分析表明，压力源和应对策略解释了心理健康指标12%至40%的方差。
