Munday R
Ruakura Animal Research Centre, Ministry of Agriculture & Fisheries, Hamilton, New Zealand.
Free Radic Biol Med. 1989;7(6):659-73. doi: 10.1016/0891-5849(89)90147-0.
Sulphur is essential to life, and thiols and disulphides play essential roles in cellular biochemistry. Such compounds are also widely distributed in the food of man and his domestic animals, and they are extensively used in industry. However, many thiols and disulphides have been shown to be toxic. Aliphatic, aromatic, and heterocyclic compounds of this type are haemolytic agents in animals while aminothiols have been shown to induce many cytotoxic effects in vitro and the epidithiodioxopiperazine mycotoxin, sporidesmin, is a potent hepatotoxic agent. Structure-activity relationships among these compounds and factors which modulate their harmful effects are consistent with a toxic mechanism involving redox cycling between the thiol and the corresponding disulphide. Thiyl radicals and "active oxygen" species are formed in this process, and it is suggested that these substances are responsible for initiating the tissue damage provoked by thiols and disulphides.
硫对生命至关重要，硫醇和二硫化物在细胞生物化学中发挥着重要作用。这类化合物在人类及其家畜的食物中也广泛分布，并且在工业中被广泛使用。然而，许多硫醇和二硫化物已被证明具有毒性。这种类型的脂肪族、芳香族和杂环化合物在动物体内是溶血剂，而氨基硫醇已被证明在体外会引发许多细胞毒性作用，并且环二硫代二氧哌嗪霉菌毒素——sporidesmin是一种强效肝毒性剂。这些化合物之间的构效关系以及调节其有害作用的因素与一种涉及硫醇和相应二硫化物之间氧化还原循环的毒性机制一致。在此过程中会形成硫自由基和“活性氧”物质，并且有人认为这些物质是引发硫醇和二硫化物所致组织损伤的原因。
