Munday R, Manns E
J Appl Toxicol. 1985 Dec;5(6):414-7. doi: 10.1002/jat.2550050615.
Diphenyl disulphide, 4,4'-diaminodiphenyl disulphide, 2,2'-diaminodiphenyl disulphide, 4,4'-dimethyldiphenyl disulphide and 4,4'-dinitrodiphenyl disulphide, when administered orally to rats, induced haematological and pathological changes indicative of erythrocyte destruction in vivo. No evidence of haemolysis was detected, however, in animals receiving diphenyl disulphide-2,2'-dicarboxylic acid or dibenzyl disulphide. The order of activity of the various aromatic disulphides in provoking in vivo haemolysis was similar to that previously recorded for 'active oxygen' generation and erythrocyte damage in vitro. The results of this investigation suggest that in vivo haemolysis may be anticipated from any disulphide or thiol which undergoes appreciable autoxidation at neutral pH. While aromatic or alpha beta-unsaturated thiols and disulphides would be expected to be the most active haemolytic agents, other thiols or disulphides may precipitate the destruction of erythrocytes whose defences against oxidative attack are deficient.
二苯基二硫化物、4,4'-二氨基二苯基二硫化物、2,2'-二氨基二苯基二硫化物、4,4'-二甲基二苯基二硫化物和4,4'-二硝基二苯基二硫化物经口给予大鼠后，引起血液学和病理学变化，表明体内红细胞受到破坏。然而，在接受二苯基二硫化物-2,2'-二羧酸或二苄基二硫化物的动物中未检测到溶血迹象。各种芳香族二硫化物在体内引发溶血的活性顺序与先前记录的在体外产生“活性氧”和红细胞损伤的顺序相似。本研究结果表明，任何在中性pH下发生明显自动氧化的二硫化物或硫醇都可能引发体内溶血。虽然芳香族或αβ-不饱和硫醇和二硫化物预计是最具活性的溶血剂，但其他硫醇或二硫化物可能会导致对氧化攻击防御不足的红细胞遭到破坏。
