Park Ju Ok, Shin Sang Do, Song Kyoung Jun, Hong Ki Jeong, Kim Jungeun
Department of Emergency Medicine, Hallym University College of Medicine and Dongtan Sacred Heart Hospital, Hwaseong, Korea .
Department of Emergency Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea .
J Korean Med Sci. 2016 Mar;31(3):449-56. doi: 10.3346/jkms.2016.31.3.449. Epub 2016 Feb 25.
To effectively mitigate and reduce the burden of mass casualty incidents (MCIs), preparedness measures should be based on MCIs' epidemiological characteristics. This study aimed to describe the epidemiological characteristics and outcomes of emergency medical services (EMS)-assessed MCIs from multiple areas according to cause. Therefore, we extracted the records of all MCIs that involved ≥ 6 patients from an EMS database. All patients involved in EMS-assessed MCIs from six areas were eligible for this study, and their prehospital and hospital records were reviewed for a 1-year period. The EMS-assessed MCIs were categorized as being caused by fire accidents (FAs), road traffic accidents (RTAs), chemical and biological agents (CBs), and other mechanical causes (MECHs). A total of 362 EMS-assessed MCIs were identified, with a crude incidence rate of 0.6-5.0/100,000 population. Among these MCIs, 322 were caused by RTAs. The MCIs involved 2,578 patients, and 54.3% of these patients were women. We observed that the most common mechanism of injury varied according to MCI cause, and that a higher number of patients per incident was associated with a longer prehospital time. The highest hospital admission rate was observed for CBs (16 patients, 55.2%), and most patients in RTAs and MECHs experienced non-severe injuries. The total number of deaths was 32 (1.2%). An EMS-assessed MCI database was established using the EMS database and medical records review. Our findings indicate that RTA MCIs create a burden on EMS and emergency department resources, although CB MCIs create a burden on hospitals' resources.
为有效减轻和降低大规模伤亡事件（MCI）的负担，防范措施应基于MCI的流行病学特征。本研究旨在根据病因描述来自多个地区的经紧急医疗服务（EMS）评估的MCI的流行病学特征及结局。因此，我们从一个EMS数据库中提取了所有涉及≥6名患者的MCI记录。来自六个地区的所有经EMS评估的MCI患者均符合本研究条件，并对其院前和院内记录进行了为期1年的审查。经EMS评估的MCI按病因分为火灾事故（FA）、道路交通事故（RTA）、化学和生物制剂（CB）以及其他机械原因（MECH）。共识别出362起经EMS评估的MCI，粗发病率为0.6 - 5.0/10万人口。在这些MCI中，322起由RTA引起。这些MCI涉及2578名患者，其中54.3%为女性。我们观察到，最常见的损伤机制因MCI病因而异，且每次事件中患者数量越多，院前时间越长。CB的医院收治率最高（16例患者，55.2%），RTA和MECH中的大多数患者为非重伤。死亡总数为32例（1.2%）。通过EMS数据库和病历审查建立了经EMS评估的MCI数据库。我们的研究结果表明，RTA MCI给EMS和急诊科资源带来负担，而CB MCI给医院资源带来负担。
