Archer S L
Dept. of Psychology, Trenton State College, NJ 08650-4700.
J Adolesc. 1989 Dec;12(4):345-59. doi: 10.1016/0140-1971(89)90059-6.
The primary purpose of this article is to examine the need for intervention in the context of the information we have gathered to date about identity formation. The research evidence indicates that the identity achievement status is associated with the greatest effectiveness in psychological functioning while the identity diffusion status is related to poorer functioning. The moratorium and foreclosure statuses generally occupy intermediate positions in this regard. The identity activity of adolescents and youth is also reviewed. The complexity of the identity construct is discussed as it relates to domains, developmental patterns, gender, historical and social contexts. The author uses the findings from a longitudinal study to illustrate the need for, and purposes of, intervention while respecting the richness of the identity construct of the individual.
本文的主要目的是，依据我们迄今收集到的有关身份形成的信息，审视干预的必要性。研究证据表明，身份达成状态与心理功能的最大有效性相关，而身份弥散状态则与较差的功能相关。在这方面，延缓偿付和预先判定状态通常处于中间位置。本文还审视了青少年的身份活动。文中讨论了身份建构的复杂性，涉及其领域、发展模式、性别、历史和社会背景。作者运用一项纵向研究的结果来说明干预的必要性和目的，同时尊重个体身份建构的丰富性。
