Kleiven Alf Ring, Fernandez-Chacon Albert, Nordahl Jan-Harald, Moland Even, Espeland Sigurd Heiberg, Knutsen Halvor, Olsen Esben Moland
Institute of Marine Research, Flødevigen Marine Research Station, Nye Flødevigveien 20, N-4817 His, Norway.
Institute of Marine Research, Matre Research Station, N-5984 Matredal, Norway.
PLoS One. 2016 Mar 9;11(3):e0149595. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0149595. eCollection 2016.
Marine recreational fishing is a popular outdoor activity. However, knowledge about the magnitude of recreational catches relative to commercial catches in coastal fisheries is generally sparse. Coastal Atlantic cod (Gadus morhua) is a target species for recreational fishers in the North Atlantic. In Norway, recreational fishers are allowed to use a variety of traps and nets as well as long-line and rod and line when fishing for cod. From 2005 to 2013, 9729 cod (mean size: 40 cm, range: 15-93 cm) were tagged and released in coastal Skagerrak, southeast Norway. Both high-reward (NOK 500) and low-reward tags (NOK 50) were used in this study. Because some harvested fish (even those posting high-reward tags) may go unreported by fishers, reporting rates were estimated from mark-recovery models that incorporate detection parameters in their structure, in addition to survival and mortality estimates. During 2005 to 2013, a total of 1707 tagged cod were recovered and reported by fishers. We estimate the overall annual survival to be 33% (SE 1.5). Recreational rod and line fishing were responsible for 33.7% (SE 2.4) of total mortality, followed by commercial fisheries (15.1% SE 0.8) and recreational fixed gear (6.8% SE 0.4). Natural mortality was 44.4% (SE 2.5) of total mortality. Our findings suggest that recreational fishing-rod and line fishing in particular-is responsible for a substantial part of fishing mortality exerted on coastal cod in southern Norway.
海洋休闲渔业是一项受欢迎的户外活动。然而，关于沿海渔业中休闲渔获量与商业渔获量规模的相关知识通常较为匮乏。沿海大西洋鳕鱼（Gadus morhua）是北大西洋休闲渔民的目标捕捞物种。在挪威，休闲渔民在捕捞鳕鱼时可以使用各种陷阱和渔网以及延绳钓和钓竿钓线。2005年至2013年期间，9729条鳕鱼（平均体长：40厘米，范围：15 - 93厘米）在挪威东南部斯卡格拉克海岸被标记并放流。本研究使用了高奖励标签（500挪威克朗）和低奖励标签（50挪威克朗）。由于一些被捕捞的鱼（即使是那些带有高奖励标签的鱼）可能未被渔民报告，除了生存和死亡率估计外，报告率是根据在其结构中纳入检测参数的标记重捕模型来估计的。在2005年至2013年期间，渔民共找回并报告了1707条带标签的鳕鱼。我们估计总体年生存率为33%（标准误差1.5）。休闲钓竿钓线捕捞导致的总死亡率为33.7%（标准误差2.4），其次是商业渔业（15.1%标准误差0.8）和休闲固定渔具捕捞（6.8%标准误差0.4）。自然死亡率占总死亡率的44.4%（标准误差2.5）。我们的研究结果表明，休闲渔业，特别是钓竿钓线捕捞，是挪威南部沿海鳕鱼捕捞死亡率的重要组成部分。
