Tedjasaputra Vincent, Bouwsema Melissa M, Stickland Michael K
Pulmonary Division, Department of Medicine, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada.
Faculty of Physical Education and Recreation, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada.
J Physiol. 2016 Aug 1;594(15):4359-70. doi: 10.1113/JP272037. Epub 2016 May 12.
Endurance trained athletes exhibit enhanced cardiovascular function compared to non-athletes, although it is considered that exercise training does not enhance lung structure and function. An increased pulmonary capillary blood volume at rest is associated with a higher V̇O2 max . In the present study, we compared the diffusion capacity, pulmonary capillary blood volume and diffusing membrane capacity responses to exercise in endurance-trained males compared to non-trained males. Exercise diffusion capacity was greater in athletes, secondary to an increased membrane diffusing capacity, and not pulmonary capillary blood volume. Endurance-trained athletes appear to have differences within the pulmonary membrane that facilitate the increased O2 demand needed for high-level exercise.
Endurance-trained athletes exhibit enhanced cardiovascular function compared to non-athletes, allthough it is generally accepted that exercise training does not enhance lung structure and function. Recent work has shown that an increased resting pulmonary capillary blood volume (VC ) is associated with a higher maximum oxygen consumption (V̇O2 max ), although there have been no studies to date examining how aerobic fitness affects the VC response to exercise. Based on previous work, we hypothesized that endurance-trained athletes will have greater VC compared to non-athletes during cycling exercise. Fifteen endurance-trained athletes (HI: V̇O2 max 64.6 ± 1.8 ml kg(-1) min(-1) ) and 14 non-endurance trained males (LO: V̇O2 max 45.0 ± 1.2 ml kg(-1) min(-1) ) were matched for age and height. Haemoglobin-corrected diffusion capacity (DLCO), VC and diffusing membrane capacity (DM ) were determined using the Roughton and Forster () multiple fraction of inspired O2 (FI O2 )-DLCO method at baseline and during incremental cycle exercise up to 90% of peak O2 consumption. During exercise, both groups exhibited increases in DLCO, DM and VC with exercise intensity. Athletes had a greater DLCO and greater DM at 80 and 90% of V̇O2 max compared to non-athletes. However, VC was not different between groups during exercise. In contrast to our hypothesis, exercise VC was not greater in endurance-trained subjects compared to controls; rather, the increased DLCO in athletes at peak exercise was secondary to an enhanced DM . These findings suggest that endurance-trained athletes appear to have differences within the pulmonary membrane that facilitate the increased O2 demand needed for high-level exercise.
与非运动员相比，耐力训练的运动员表现出增强的心血管功能，尽管一般认为运动训练不会增强肺的结构和功能。静息时肺毛细血管血容量增加与更高的最大摄氧量相关。在本研究中，我们比较了耐力训练男性与未训练男性在运动时的弥散能力、肺毛细血管血容量和弥散膜能力反应。运动员的运动弥散能力更大，这是由于膜弥散能力增加，而非肺毛细血管血容量增加。耐力训练的运动员似乎在肺膜内存在差异，这有助于满足高水平运动增加的氧气需求。
与非运动员相比，耐力训练的运动员表现出增强的心血管功能，尽管人们普遍认为运动训练不会增强肺的结构和功能。最近的研究表明，静息时肺毛细血管血容量（VC）增加与更高的最大耗氧量（V̇O2 max）相关，尽管迄今为止尚无研究探讨有氧适能如何影响运动时的VC反应。基于先前的研究，我们假设在骑自行车运动期间，耐力训练的运动员比非运动员具有更大的VC。15名耐力训练的运动员（高组：V̇O2 max 64.6±1.8 ml·kg⁻¹·min⁻¹）和14名非耐力训练的男性（低组：V̇O2 max 45.0±1.2 ml·kg⁻¹·min⁻¹）在年龄和身高上进行了匹配。使用Roughton和Forster（）的吸入氧分数（FIO2）-DLCO多组分法在基线和递增自行车运动直至峰值耗氧量的90%期间测定血红蛋白校正的弥散能力（DLCO）、VC和弥散膜能力（DM）。运动期间，两组的DLCO、DM和VC均随运动强度增加。与非运动员相比，运动员在V̇O2 max的80%和90%时具有更大的DLCO和更大的DM。然而，运动期间两组的VC没有差异。与我们的假设相反，耐力训练的受试者的运动VC并不比对照组更大；相反，运动员在运动峰值时DLCO增加是由于DM增强。这些发现表明，耐力训练的运动员似乎在肺膜内存在差异，这有助于满足高水平运动增加的氧气需求。
