Huerta Ana E, Prieto-Hontoria Pedro L, Sáinz Neira, Martínez J Alfredo, Moreno-Aliaga María J
Department of Nutrition, Food Science, and Physiology, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain.
Centre for Nutrition Research, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain.
J Nutr. 2015 Apr 1;146(4):889S-896S. doi: 10.3945/jn.115.224105.
The proinflammatory state induced by obesity plays an important role in obesity-related metabolic complications.
Our objective was to evaluate whether dietary supplementation with α-lipoic acid (LA) and eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), separately or in combination, could improve inflammatory and cardiovascular disease risk markers in healthy overweight or obese women consuming an energy-restricted diet.
Within the context of the Effects of Lipoic Acid and Eicosapentaenoic Acid in Human Obesity (OBEPALIP) study, Caucasian women (n = 73) aged 20-50 y with a BMI (in kg/m2) between 27.5 and 40 consumed an energy-restricted diet for 10 wk after being randomly assigned to 1 of 4 parallel experimental groups: a control group or groups supplemented with 1.3 g EPA/d, 0.3 g LA/d, or both. Secondary outcomes were measured at baseline and at the end of the study. These included circulating inflammatory [C-reactive protein (CRP), adiponectin, interleukin 6 (IL-6), chemerin, haptoglobin, amyloid A, and leukocytes] and cardiovascular disease risk markers (platelet count and circulating apelin, asymmetric dimethylarginine, vascular endothelial growth factor, and plasminogen activator inhibitor 1). Gene expression of IL6, adhesion G protein-coupled receptor E1 (ADGRE1), interleukin 10 (IL10), chemokine (C-C motif) ligand 2, and adiponectin was measured in subcutaneous abdominal adipose tissue biopsies at endpoint.
Supplementation with LA caused a greater reduction in some circulating inflammatory risk markers, such as CRP (-0.13 ± 0.07 mg/dL compared with 0.06 ± 0.07 mg/dL, P < 0.05) and leukocyte count (-0.74 ± 0.18 × 103/mm3 compared with 0.06 ± 0.18 × 103/mm3, P < 0.01), than in the groups that were not supplemented with LA. In contrast, the fall in apelin concentrations that accompanied weight loss was less pronounced in groups that were supplemented with LA (-1.1 ± 4.9 pg/mL) than in those that were not (-21.3 ± 4.8 pg/mL, P < 0.01). In adipose tissue, compared with those who did not receive EPA, EPA-supplemented groups exhibited a downregulation of ADGRE1 (0.7 ± 0.1-fold compared with 1.0 ± 0.1-fold) (P < 0.05) and an upregulation of IL10 (1.8 ± 0.2-fold compared with 1.0 ± 0.2-fold) (P < 0.05) gene expression.
Dietary supplementation with LA improves some systemic inflammatory and cardiovascular disease-related risk markers in healthy overweight or obese women independently of weight loss, whereas EPA modulates inflammation-related genes in adipose tissue. This trial was registered at clinicaltrials.gov as NCT01138774.
肥胖诱导的促炎状态在肥胖相关的代谢并发症中起重要作用。
我们的目的是评估单独或联合补充α-硫辛酸（LA）和二十碳五烯酸（EPA）是否能改善健康超重或肥胖女性在食用能量限制饮食时的炎症和心血管疾病风险标志物。
在硫辛酸和二十碳五烯酸对人类肥胖的影响（OBEPALIP）研究中，73名年龄在20 - 50岁、BMI（kg/m²）在27.5至40之间的白种女性在随机分配到4个平行实验组之一后，食用能量限制饮食10周：一个对照组或分别补充1.3 g EPA/天、0.3 g LA/天或两者都补充的组。在基线和研究结束时测量次要结局。这些指标包括循环炎症标志物[C反应蛋白（CRP）、脂联素、白细胞介素6（IL - 6）、chemerin、触珠蛋白、淀粉样蛋白A和白细胞]以及心血管疾病风险标志物（血小板计数和循环中的apelin、不对称二甲基精氨酸、血管内皮生长因子和纤溶酶原激活物抑制剂1）。在研究终点时，对腹部皮下脂肪组织活检样本中的IL6、黏附G蛋白偶联受体E1（ADGRE1）、白细胞介素10（IL10）、趋化因子（C - C基序）配体2和脂联素的基因表达进行测量。
与未补充LA的组相比，补充LA使一些循环炎症风险标志物有更大程度的降低，如CRP（与0.06±0.07 mg/dL相比，为 - 0.13±0.07 mg/dL，P < 0.05）和白细胞计数（与0.06±0.18×10³/mm³相比，为 - 0.74±0.18×10³/mm³，P < 0.01）。相反，与未补充LA的组（ - 21.3±4.8 pg/mL，P < 0.01）相比，补充LA的组中伴随体重减轻的apelin浓度下降不太明显（ - 1.1±4.9 pg/mL）。在脂肪组织中，与未接受EPA的组相比，补充EPA的组表现出ADGRE1基因表达下调（与1.0±0.1倍相比，为0.7±0.1倍）（P < 0.05）和IL10基因表达上调（与1.0±0.2倍相比，为1.8±0.2倍）（P < 0.05）。
在健康超重或肥胖女性中，膳食补充LA可独立于体重减轻改善一些全身炎症和心血管疾病相关的风险标志物，而EPA调节脂肪组织中与炎症相关的基因。该试验在clinicaltrials.gov上注册，注册号为NCT01138774。
