van Heukelum S, Kelderhuis J, Janssen P, van Luijtelaar G, Lüttjohann A
Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Donders Centre for Cognition, Radboud University, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Donders Centre for Cognition, Radboud University, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
Neuroscience. 2016 Jun 2;324:191-201. doi: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2016.02.070. Epub 2016 Mar 8.
Seizure control is one of the ultimate aims of epileptology: here acute and prolonged effects of closed loop high-frequency stimulation of the somatosensory cortex on the expression of spontaneously occurring spike-wave discharges (SWD) were investigated in a genetic absence model. Effects of closed loop stimulation in the experimental group were compared with a yoked control group allowing to investigate the effect of timing related to SWD occurrence, while controlling for amount and intensity of stimulation.
WAG/Rij rats were implanted with stimulation electrodes in the deep layers of the somatosensory cortex, and recording electrodes in the cortex and thalamus. Closed-loop and yoked stimulation (1 sec trains, biphasic 0.4 msec pulses, 130 Hz) sessions lasted 24h. The stimulation sessions were preceded and followed by baseline and post stimulation 24-h recordings.
Closed-loop stimulation interrupted SWD and duration of SWD was shortened. Both types of stimulation resulted in a reduction in SWD number during stimulation sessions. Closed-loop stimulation also resulted in less SWD during the last eight hours of the post-stimulation recording session. Sometimes yoked stimulation induced low-frequency afterdischarges.
SWD can be aborted by closed-loop stimulation of the somatosensory cortex, and at the same time the number of SWD was reduced. It can be regarded as a relatively safe neuromodulatory technique without habituation. The reduction of SWD during yoked stimulation session might be caused by 3 Hz afterdischarges. The reduction of SWD on the stimulation and post-stimulation sessions demonstrates the critical relevance of timing for the induction of longer lasting neuromodulatory effects: it suggests that absence seizures themselves might be involved in their reoccurrence.
癫痫控制是癫痫学的最终目标之一：在此，我们在一种遗传性失神模型中研究了体感皮层闭环高频刺激对自发棘波-慢波放电（SWD）表达的急性和长期影响。将实验组的闭环刺激效果与配对对照组进行比较，以便在控制刺激量和强度的同时，研究与SWD发生相关的时间的影响。
将WAG/Rij大鼠植入体感皮层深层的刺激电极以及皮层和丘脑的记录电极。闭环和配对刺激（1秒串刺激，双相0.4毫秒脉冲，130赫兹）持续24小时。在刺激前和刺激后进行24小时的基线和刺激后记录。
闭环刺激中断了SWD，缩短了SWD的持续时间。两种刺激类型都导致刺激期间SWD数量减少。闭环刺激还导致刺激后记录期的最后八小时内SWD减少。有时配对刺激会诱发低频后放电。
体感皮层闭环刺激可中止SWD，同时减少SWD的数量。它可被视为一种相对安全且不会产生习惯化的神经调节技术。配对刺激期间SWD的减少可能是由3赫兹后放电引起的。刺激期和刺激后期SWD的减少表明时间对于诱导更持久神经调节作用至关重要：这表明失神发作本身可能参与其复发。
