Farana Roman, Jandacka Daniel, Uchytil Jaroslav, Zahradnik David, Irwin Gareth
a Department of Human Movement Studies, Human Motion Diagnostic Center , University of Ostrava , Ostrava , Czech Republic.
b Sport Biomechanics Research Group, Cardiff School of Sport , Cardiff Metropolitan University , Cardiff , UK.
J Sports Sci. 2017 Jan;35(2):124-129. doi: 10.1080/02640414.2016.1158414. Epub 2016 Mar 11.
The aim of this study was to examine the biomechanical injury risk factors at the wrist, including joint kinetics, kinematics and stiffness in the first and second contact limb for parallel and T-shape round-off (RO) techniques. Seven international-level female gymnasts performed 10 trials of the RO to back handspring with parallel and T-shape hand positions. Synchronised kinematic (3D motion analysis system; 247 Hz) and kinetic (two force plates; 1235 Hz) data were collected for each trial. A two-way repeated measure analysis of variance (ANOVA) assessed differences in the kinematic and kinetic parameters between the techniques for each contact limb. The main findings highlighted that in both the RO techniques, the second contact limb wrist joint is exposed to higher mechanical loads than the first contact limb demonstrated by increased axial compression force and loading rate. In the parallel technique, the second contact limb wrist joint is exposed to higher axial compression load. Differences between wrist joint kinetics highlight that the T-shape technique may potentially lead to reducing these bio-physical loads and consequently protect the second contact limb wrist joint from overload and biological failure. Highlighting the biomechanical risk factors facilitates the process of technique selection making more objective and safe.
本研究的目的是探讨手腕处的生物力学损伤风险因素，包括第一和第二接触肢体在平行和T形团身后空翻（RO）技术中的关节动力学、运动学和刚度。七名国际水平的女子体操运动员进行了10次平行和T形手位的团身后空翻接后手翻试验。每次试验均收集同步运动学（3D运动分析系统；247Hz）和动力学（两个测力台；1235Hz）数据。采用双向重复测量方差分析（ANOVA）评估每个接触肢体的两种技术在运动学和动力学参数上的差异。主要研究结果表明，在两种团身后空翻技术中，第二接触肢体的腕关节比第一接触肢体承受更高的机械负荷，这表现为轴向压缩力和负荷率增加。在平行技术中，第二接触肢体的腕关节承受更高的轴向压缩负荷。腕关节动力学的差异表明，T形技术可能会降低这些生物物理负荷，从而保护第二接触肢体的腕关节免受过载和生物失效的影响。突出生物力学风险因素有助于技术选择过程更加客观和安全。
