Rubio Luis A, Clemente Alfonso
a Departamento de Fisiología y Bioquímica de la Nutrición (IFNA, EEZ, CSiC) , Profesor Albareda , Granada , Spain.
Arch Anim Nutr. 2009;63(5):413-26. doi: 10.1080/17450390903169237.
The amino acid absorption from legume protein isolates (from chickpeas, CPI; and lupins, LPI) was studied in in vivo and in vitro experiments in comparison to animal proteins (casein and lactalbumin). In the in vivo experiment on rats, the diets were isoenergetic and isonitrogen (per kg diet 15.5 MJ digestible energy and 150 g protein, respectively). At 150 min after feeding, the concentration of free amino acids in arterial and portal blood plasma of rats fed legume proteins was significantly different (p < 0.05) from rats fed animal protein (lactalbumin). In arterial plasma the concentration for Met, Leu, Trp and Lys in rats fed legume proteins was lower than lactalbumin controls and for Val and Cys higher; in portal plasma, the concentration of free Met, Leu, Trp and Lys was lower, and the concentration of Cys was higher in rats fed legume proteins than in rats fed lactalbumin. The cumulative (total mM at 195 min after ingestion) and net absorption (% of ingested amounts) of Met, Leu, Trp and Lys were higher (p < 0.01) for rats fed lactalbumin as compared to those fed legume protein isolates or casein. In the in vitro study (Caco-2 cell monolayers), after 2 h incubation the transport values of all the individual amino acids in CPI and LPI, except for Glu, Val and Ile, were lower (p < 0.01) than for casein or lactalbumin. The results indicate that amino acids from chickpea and lupin protein isolates are absorbed at slower rates than those from animal proteins, which might explain the lower nutritional utilisation of legume storage proteins as compared with lactalbumin or casein.
与动物蛋白（酪蛋白和乳白蛋白）相比，在体内和体外实验中研究了从豆类分离蛋白（鹰嘴豆分离蛋白，CPI；羽扇豆分离蛋白，LPI）中吸收氨基酸的情况。在大鼠体内实验中，日粮能量和氮含量相同（每千克日粮分别含15.5兆焦可消化能量和150克蛋白质）。喂食后150分钟，喂食豆类蛋白的大鼠动脉和门静脉血浆中游离氨基酸浓度与喂食动物蛋白（乳白蛋白）的大鼠有显著差异（p<0.05）。在动脉血浆中，喂食豆类蛋白的大鼠中蛋氨酸、亮氨酸、色氨酸和赖氨酸的浓度低于乳白蛋白对照组，缬氨酸和半胱氨酸的浓度则较高；在门静脉血浆中，喂食豆类蛋白的大鼠中游离蛋氨酸、亮氨酸、色氨酸和赖氨酸的浓度较低，半胱氨酸的浓度高于喂食乳白蛋白的大鼠。与喂食豆类分离蛋白或酪蛋白的大鼠相比，喂食乳白蛋白的大鼠中蛋氨酸、亮氨酸、色氨酸和赖氨酸的累积吸收量（摄入后195分钟时的总毫摩尔数）和净吸收量（摄入总量的百分比）更高（p<0.01）。在体外研究（Caco-2细胞单层）中，孵育2小时后，CPI和LPI中除谷氨酸、缬氨酸和异亮氨酸外的所有单个氨基酸的转运值均低于酪蛋白或乳白蛋白（p<0.01）。结果表明，鹰嘴豆和羽扇豆分离蛋白中的氨基酸吸收速度比动物蛋白中的慢，这可能解释了与乳白蛋白或酪蛋白相比，豆类储存蛋白的营养利用率较低的原因。
