[Occurrence of early-morning hyperglycemia (dawn phenomenon) in patients with diabetes mellitus type 1 and 2].

The aim of the work was to determine the frequency and conditioning of early morning hyperglycaemia called "dawn phenomenon". From the period 1974-1983, the year 1982 was randomized, when in the hospital there were 125 women and 82 men with diabetes. They were classified in two groups: group I in which glycaemia on an empty stomach exceeded 11.1 mmol/l 200 mg/dl and at 3.30-7.8 mmol/l 130 mg/dl, and group II with lower values of glucose level in the blood. The two groups were then divided again into subgroups: A--in which the disease appeared before 30 years of age--type 1, and subgroup B--when the disease appeared after 30 years of age--type 2. All the subgroups were compared with respect to the treatment of diabetes, complications in small and large vessels and additional administering other drugs: steroids and beta-blockers. In patients with early morning hyperglycaemia the authors found a slightly longer duration of the disease in case of its later appearance type 2, more frequent insulin injections once in 24 h, and higher medium values of day glycaemia in late diabetes type 2, higher frequency of simple retinopathy in early diabetes type 1 and higher frequency of increased level of creatinine in the serum in late diabetes type 2. The results obtained show that uncontrolled diabetes is very important in the mechanism leading to "dawn phenomenon".