Moed Anat, Gershoff Elizabeth T, Bringewatt Elizabeth H
Human Development and Family Sciences, University of Texas at Austin, 108 E. Dean Keaton, Stop 2702, Austin, TX, 78712, USA.
Child Trends, 7315 Wisconsin Ave, Suite 1200W, Bethesda, MD, 20814, USA.
Child Psychiatry Hum Dev. 2017 Apr;48(2):235-247. doi: 10.1007/s10578-016-0636-5.
For youth exposed to community violence, parenting has been found to play a significant role in protecting adolescents from associated mental health symptoms. Yet little is known about the potential of parenting to prevent such exposure in the first place and thereby reduce the likelihood of adolescents' mental health symptoms. This study examined two parental practices that have often been examined as moderators, but not yet as predictors, of youth exposure to community violence associations with adolescent mental health, namely parental control and parental harshness. Analyses of self-reported data from 908 adolescents (M = 16.5, SD = 1.71; 52 % girls; 13 % non-Hispanic White) revealed that harsh parenting was indirectly associated with youth mental health symptoms through higher levels of exposure to community violence, whereas links between controlling parenting and mental health symptoms were either non-significant or mediated through lower levels of adolescent violence exposure. These findings highlight the potential positive role parental control may play by preventing adolescents from exposure to potentially dangerous situations. Conversely, our results suggest that harsh parenting appears to pose a risk for adolescents by driving youth away from the home environment and potentially into places where violence may be more prevalent.
对于遭受社区暴力的青少年而言，研究发现养育方式在保护青少年免受相关心理健康问题困扰方面发挥着重要作用。然而，关于养育方式在首先预防此类暴力接触方面的潜力，以及从而降低青少年出现心理健康问题可能性的情况，我们却知之甚少。本研究考察了两种养育方式，这两种方式通常被视作青少年遭受社区暴力与青少年心理健康之间关系的调节因素，但尚未被视作预测因素，即父母控制和父母严厉。对908名青少年（平均年龄M = 16.5，标准差SD = 1.71；52%为女孩；13%为非西班牙裔白人）的自我报告数据进行分析后发现，严厉的养育方式通过更高水平的社区暴力接触与青少年心理健康问题间接相关，而控制型养育方式与心理健康问题之间的联系要么不显著，要么通过较低水平的青少年暴力接触起中介作用。这些发现凸显了父母控制在防止青少年接触潜在危险情况方面可能发挥的积极作用。相反，我们的结果表明，严厉的养育方式似乎会给青少年带来风险，因为它会驱使青少年离开家庭环境，可能使他们进入暴力更为普遍的地方。
