Inada E, Cullen D J, Nemeskal A R, Teplick R
Department of Anaesthesia, Harvard Medical School, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston 02114.
J Clin Anesth. 1989;1(3):207-13. doi: 10.1016/0952-8180(89)90043-3.
Labetalol, a combined alpha 1- and nonselective beta-adrenergic blocking drug, was compared to lidocaine or saline to minimize the hypertensive and tachycardic response to intubation in a controlled randomized double-blind study in patients undergoing surgical procedures under general anesthesia. Forty adult patients were divided into four groups of 10 each: placebo (saline), lidocaine 100 mg, labetalol 5 mg, or labetalol 10 mg. The double-blind preparation was administered as an IV bolus just prior to induction and 2 min before the stimulus of laryngoscopy and intubation. Heart rate and blood pressure were measured at 1-min intervals for 2 min prior to induction of anesthesia and through 6 min following induction of anesthesia. Labetalol 10 mg prevented a rise in heart rate after intubation compared to patients who received placebo, lidocaine 100 mg, or labetalol 5 mg. The hypertensive response to intubation was similar in all four groups. Labetalol 10 mg IV just prior to induction of anesthesia is a safe and cost-effective means of preventing tachycardia but not hypertension in response to laryngoscopy and intubation.
拉贝洛尔是一种兼具α1受体阻滞和非选择性β肾上腺素能阻滞作用的药物，在一项针对全身麻醉下接受外科手术患者的对照随机双盲研究中，将其与利多卡因或生理盐水进行比较，以尽量减少插管引起的高血压和心动过速反应。40例成年患者被分为四组，每组10人：安慰剂组（生理盐水）、利多卡因100毫克组、拉贝洛尔5毫克组或拉贝洛尔10毫克组。双盲制剂在诱导麻醉前及喉镜检查和插管刺激前2分钟静脉推注。在麻醉诱导前2分钟及麻醉诱导后6分钟内，每隔1分钟测量心率和血压。与接受安慰剂、100毫克利多卡因或5毫克拉贝洛尔的患者相比，10毫克拉贝洛尔可防止插管后心率升高。四组对插管的高血压反应相似。麻醉诱导前静脉注射10毫克拉贝洛尔是预防喉镜检查和插管引起的心动过速而非高血压的一种安全且经济有效的方法。
