Department of Medicine, Ciccarone Center for the Prevention of Heart Disease, Johns Hopkins Hospital 600 N. Wolfe Street, Nelson 215, Baltimore, MD, 21287, USA.
Curr Atheroscler Rep. 2016 May;18(5):20. doi: 10.1007/s11883-016-0578-1.
Statin therapy is the pharmacologic foundation of cholesterol treatment and the most common class of medication prescribed in the USA. The clinical benefits of statins and their favorable side effect profile have been well established for atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease prevention. With new guidelines on the treatment of dyslipidemia being published in the last several years, a greater percentage of the population now appears eligible for statin therapy. In this review, we discuss the updated American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association and National Lipid Association guidelines on lipid treatment, both of which endorse the importance of shared decision making and patient-centered care. We discuss factors beyond traditional risk factors that may be useful in refining risk-based decision making. Furthermore, we summarize the available statins, their potential benefits and limitations, and recent evidence on safety and tolerability.
他汀类药物治疗是胆固醇治疗的药理学基础，也是美国最常用的药物类别。他汀类药物在预防动脉粥样硬化性心血管疾病方面的临床益处及其良好的副作用特征已得到充分证实。随着过去几年血脂异常治疗新指南的发布，现在有更多的人群似乎符合他汀类药物治疗的条件。在这篇综述中，我们讨论了最近更新的美国心脏病学会/美国心脏协会和国家脂质协会的血脂治疗指南，这两个指南都强调了共同决策和以患者为中心的护理的重要性。我们讨论了除传统危险因素之外可能有助于完善基于风险的决策的因素。此外，我们总结了可用的他汀类药物、它们的潜在益处和局限性，以及最近关于安全性和耐受性的证据。
